Slit Homolog 2 (SLIT2) ELISA Kit for Rat

This gene encodes a member of the slit family of secreted glycoproteins, which are ligands for the Robo family of immunoglobulin receptors. Slit proteins play highly conserved roles in axon guidance and neuronal migration and may also have functions during other cell migration processes including leukocyte migration. Members of the slit family are characterized by an N-terminal signal peptide, four leucine-rich repeats, nine epidermal growth factor repeats, and a C-terminal cysteine knot. Proteolytic processing of this protein gives rise to an N-terminal fragment that contains the four leucine-rich repeats and five epidermal growth factor repeats and a C-terminal fragment that contains four epidermal growth factor repeats and the cysteine knot. Both full length and cleaved proteins are secreted extracellularly and can function in axon repulsion as well as other specific processes. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants. [provided by RefSeq, Sep 2015]

SLIT2: Thought to act as molecular guidance cue in cellular migration, and function appears to be mediated by interaction with roundabout homolog receptors. During neural development involved in axonal navigation at the ventral midline of the neural tube and projection of axons to different regions. SLIT1 and SLIT2 seem to be essential for midline guidance in the forebrain by acting as repulsive signal preventing inappropriate midline crossing by axons projecting from the olfactory bulb. In spinal chord development may play a role in guiding commissural axons once they reached the floor plate by modulating the response to netrin. In vitro, silences the attractive effect of NTN1 but not its growth- stimulatory effect and silencing requires the formation of a ROBO1-DCC complex. May be implicated in spinal chord midline post- crossing axon repulsion. In vitro, only commissural axons that crossed the midline responded to SLIT2. In the developing visual system appears to function as repellent for retinal ganglion axons by providing a repulsion that directs these axons along their appropriate paths prior to, and after passage through, the optic chiasm. In vitro, collapses and repels retinal ganglion cell growth cones. Seems to play a role in branching and arborization of CNS sensory axons, and in neuronal cell migration. In vitro, Slit homolog 2 protein N-product, but not Slit homolog 2 protein C-product, repels olfactory bulb (OB) but not dorsal root ganglia (DRG) axons, induces OB growth cones collapse and induces branching of DRG axons. Seems to be involved in regulating leukocyte migration. 3 isoforms of the human protein are produced by alternative splicing.

Protein type: Motility/polarity/chemotaxis; Extracellular matrix; Secreted, signal peptide; Secreted

Chromosomal Location of Human Ortholog: 4p15.2

Cellular Component: extracellular space; cell surface; membrane; cytoplasm; plasma membrane; extracellular region

Molecular Function: laminin-1 binding; heparin binding; identical protein binding; protein binding; proteoglycan binding; Roundabout binding; protein homodimerization activity; chemorepellent activity; calcium ion binding; GTPase inhibitor activity

Biological Process: negative regulation of small GTPase mediated signal transduction; axon guidance; positive regulation of apoptosis; negative chemotaxis; motor axon guidance; negative regulation of smooth muscle cell migration; negative regulation of axon extension; induction of negative chemotaxis; negative regulation of cell proliferation; corticospinal neuron axon guidance through the spinal cord; cell-cell adhesion; response to cortisol stimulus; negative regulation of protein amino acid phosphorylation; ureteric bud development; negative regulation of leukocyte chemotaxis; negative regulation of cell migration; in utero embryonic development; negative regulation of actin filament polymerization; chemorepulsion involved in postnatal olfactory bulb interneuron migration; dorsal/ventral axon guidance; cellular response to hormone stimulus; axon extension involved in axon guidance; chemorepulsion involved in embryonic olfactory bulb interneuron migration; cell migration during sprouting angiogenesis; branching morphogenesis of a tube; negative regulation of catalytic activity; negative regulation of vascular permeability; positive regulation of axonogenesis; negative regulation of cell growth; metanephros development; retinal ganglion cell axon guidance