Keratin 14 (KRT14) Antibody – Mouse Monoclonal

This gene encodes a member of the keratin family, the most diverse group of intermediate filaments. This gene product, a type I keratin, is usually found as a heterotetramer with two keratin 5 molecules, a type II keratin. Together they form the cytoskeleton of epithelial cells. Mutations in the genes for these keratins are associated with epidermolysis bullosa simplex. At least one pseudogene has been identified at 17p12-p11. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

Function: The nonhelical tail domain is involved in promoting KRT5-KRT14 filaments to self-organize into large bundles and enhances the mechanical properties involved in resilience of keratin intermediate filaments in vitro. Ref.13

Subunit structure: Heterotetramer of two type I and two type II keratins. disulfide-linked keratin-14 associates with keratin-5. Interacts with TRADD and with keratin filaments. Associates with other type I keratins. Ref.12 Ref.13 Ref.16

Subcellular location: Cytoplasm. Nucleus. Note: Expressed in both as a filamentous pattern. Ref.13 Ref.16

Tissue specificity: Detected in the basal layer, lowered within the more apically located layers specifically in the stratum spinosum, stratum granulosum but is not detected in stratum corneum. Strongly expressed in the outer root sheath of anagen follicles but not in the germinative matrix, inner root sheath or hair. Found in keratinocytes surrounding the club hair during telogen. Ref.11

Post-translational modification: A disulfide bond is formed between rather than within filaments and promotes the formation of a keratin filament cage around the nucleus.

Involvement in disease: Epidermolysis bullosa simplex, Dowling-Meara type (DM-EBS) [MIM:131760]: A severe form of intraepidermal epidermolysis bullosa characterized by generalized herpetiform blistering, milia formation, dystrophic nails, and mucous membrane involvement.Note: The disease is caused by mutations affecting the gene represented in this entry.Epidermolysis bullosa simplex, Weber-Cockayne type (WC-EBS) [MIM:131800]: A form of intraepidermal epidermolysis bullosa characterized by blistering limited to palmar and plantar areas of the skin.Note: The disease is caused by mutations affecting the gene represented in this entry.Epidermolysis bullosa simplex, Koebner type (K-EBS) [MIM:131900]: A form of intraepidermal epidermolysis bullosa characterized by generalized skin blistering. The phenotype is not fundamentally distinct from the Dowling-Meara type, although it is less severe.Note: The disease is caused by mutations affecting the gene represented in this entry. Ref.9 Ref.10 Ref.17 Ref.19 Ref.28 Ref.29 Ref.31 Ref.32 Ref.33 Ref.41Epidermolysis bullosa simplex, autosomal recessive (AREBS) [MIM:601001]: An intraepidermal epidermolysis bullosa characterized by localized blistering on the dorsal, lateral and plantar surfaces of the feet.Note: The disease is caused by mutations affecting the gene represented in this entry. Ref.21Naegeli-Franceschetti-Jadassohn syndrome (NFJS) [MIM:161000]: A rare autosomal dominant form of ectodermal dysplasia. The cardinal features are absence of dermatoglyphics (fingerprints), reticular cutaneous hyperpigmentation (starting at about the age of 2 years without a preceding inflammatory stage), palmoplantar keratoderma, hypohidrosis with diminished sweat gland function and discomfort provoked by heat, nail dystrophy, and tooth enamel defects.Note: The disease is caused by mutations affecting the gene represented in this entry. Ref.39Dermatopathia pigmentosa reticularis (DPR) [MIM:125595]: A rare ectodermal dysplasia characterized by lifelong persistent reticulate hyperpigmentation, non-cicatricial alopecia, and nail dystrophy. Variable features include adermatoglyphia, hypohidrosis or hyperhidrosis, and palmoplantar hyperkeratosis.Note: The disease is caused by mutations affecting the gene represented in this entry. Ref.39

Miscellaneous: There are two types of cytoskeletal and microfibrillar keratin: I (acidic; 40-55 kDa) and II (neutral to basic; 56-70 kDa).

Sequence similarities: Belongs to the intermediate filament family.