Beta-Secretase 1 (BACE1) Antibody – Rabbit Polyclonal

Cerebral deposition of amyloid beta peptide is an early and critical feature of Alzheimer's disease. Amyloid beta peptide is generated by proteolytic cleavage of amyloid precursor protein (APP) by two proteases, one of which is the protein encoded by this gene. The encoded protein, a member of the peptidase A1 protein family, is a type I integral membrane glycoprotein and aspartic protease that is found mainly in the Golgi. Multiple transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been described for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, May 2011]

Function: Responsible for the proteolytic processing of the amyloid precursor protein (APP). Cleaves at the N-terminus of the A-beta peptide sequence, between residues 671 and 672 of APP, leads to the generation and extracellular release of beta-cleaved soluble APP, and a corresponding cell-associated C-terminal fragment which is later released by gamma-secretase. Ref.15 Ref.24

Catalytic activity: Broad endopeptidase specificity. Cleaves Glu-Val-Asn-Leu-|-Asp-Ala-Glu-Phe in the Swedish variant of Alzheimer amyloid precursor protein.

Enzyme regulation: Inhibited by RTN3 and RTN4. Ref.20 Ref.21

Subunit structure: Monomer. Interacts with GGA1, GGA2 and GGA3. Interacts with RTN3 and RTN4. Interacts with SNX6. Interacts with PCSK9. Ref.19 Ref.20 Ref.21 Ref.22 Ref.23 Ref.24

Subcellular location: Membrane; Single-pass type I membrane protein. Golgi apparatus › trans-Golgi network. Endoplasmic reticulum. Endosome. Cell surface. Cytoplasmic vesicle membrane. Note: Predominantly localized to the later Golgi/trans-Golgi network (TGN) and minimally detectable in the early Golgi compartments. A small portion is also found in the endoplasmic reticulum, endosomes and on the cell surface. Ref.17 Ref.24

Tissue specificity: Expressed at high levels in the brain and pancreas. In the brain, expression is highest in the substantia nigra, locus coruleus and medulla oblongata. Ref.15 Ref.16

Domain: The transmembrane domain is necessary for its activity. It determines its late Golgi localization and access to its substrate, APP. Ref.17

Post-translational modification: Glycosylated. Ref.16

Sequence similarities: Belongs to the peptidase A1 family.

Sequence caution: The sequence BAA86463.2 differs from that shown. Reason: Frameshift at position 34.