Sphingomyelin Synthase 1 (Peptide as Antigen) (SGMS1) Antibody – Rabbit Polyclonal

Function: Sphingomyelin synthases synthesize the sphingolipid, sphingomyelin, through transfer of the phosphatidyl head group, phosphatidylcholine, on to the primary hydroxyl of ceramide. The reaction is bidirectional depending on the respective levels of the sphingolipid and ceramide. Golgi apparatus SMS1 directly and specifically recognizes the choline head group on the substrate, requiring two fatty chains on the choline-P donor molecule in order to be recognized efficiently as a substrate. Major form in macrophages. Required for cell growth in certain cell types such as HeLa cells. Suppresses BAX-mediated apoptosis and also prevents cell death in response to stimuli such as hydrogen peroxide, osmotic stress, elevated temperature and exogenously supplied sphingolipids. May protect against cell death by reversing the stress-inducible increase in levels of proapoptotic ceramide. Ref.10 Ref.12

Catalytic activity: A ceramide + a phosphatidylcholine = a sphingomyelin + a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycerol.

Enzyme regulation: Inhibited by bacterial PC-phospholipase C inhibitor D609. Ref.10

Subcellular location: Golgi apparatus membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein Ref.10 Ref.12 Ref.13.

Tissue specificity: Brain, heart, kidney, liver, muscle and stomach. Ref.7 Ref.9 Ref.10

Miscellaneous: Overexpression of the human protein in mouse causes increased non-HDL-sphingomyelin and non-HDL cholesterol levels, decreased HDL-sphingomyelin and HDL-cholesterol levels and increases lipoprotein atherogenic potential.

Sequence similarities: Belongs to the sphingomyelin synthase family.Contains 1 SAM (sterile alpha motif) domain.

Sequence caution: The sequence AAH42899.1 differs from that shown. Reason: Unusual initiator. The initiator methionine is coded by a non-canonical CTG leucine codon.The sequence AAP37279.1 differs from that shown. Reason: Unusual initiator. The initiator methionine is coded by a non-canonical CTG leucine codon.The sequence AAQ22363.1 differs from that shown. Reason: Unusual initiator. The initiator methionine is coded by a non-canonical CTG leucine codon.The sequence AAQ82051.1 differs from that shown. Reason: Unusual initiator. The initiator methionine is coded by a non-canonical CTG leucine codon.The sequence AK026683 differs from that shown. Reason: Unusual initiator. The initiator methionine is coded by a non-canonical CTG leucine codon.The sequence BAD16809.1 differs from that shown. Reason: Unusual initiator. The initiator methionine is coded by a non-canonical CTG leucine codon.The sequence CAD79708.1 differs from that shown. Reason: Unusual initiator. The initiator methionine is coded by a non-canonical CTG leucine codon.