Toll-Like Receptor 5 (TLR5) Antibody – Rabbit Polyclonal

This gene encodes a member of the toll-like receptor (TLR) family, which plays a fundamental role in pathogen recognition and activation of innate immune responses. These receptors recognize distinct pathogen-associated molecular patterns that are expressed on infectious agents. The protein encoded by this gene recognizes bacterial flagellin, the principal component of bacterial flagella and a virulence factor. The activation of this receptor mobilizes the nuclear factor NF-kappaB, which in turn activates a host of inflammatory-related target genes. Mutations in this gene have been associated with both resistance and susceptibility to systemic lupus erythematosus, and susceptibility to Legionnaire disease.[provided by RefSeq, Dec 2009]

Function: Participates in the innate immune response to microbial agents. Mediates detection of bacterial flagellins. Acts via MYD88 and TRAF6, leading to NF-kappa-B activation, cytokine secretion and the inflammatory response. Ref.10

Subunit structure: Binds MYD88 via their respective TIR domains

By similarity. Homodimer both in the absence and presence of ligand. Ref.14

Subcellular location: Membrane; Single-pass type I membrane protein

By similarity.

Tissue specificity: Highly expressed in ovary and in peripheral blood leukocytes, especially in monocytes, less in CD11c+ immature dendritic cells. Also detected in prostate and testis.

Post-translational modification: Phosphorylated at Ser-805 by PKD/PRKD1; phosphorylation induces the production of inflammatory cytokines. Ref.12 Ref.13Phosphorylated at Tyr-798 upon flagellin binding; required for signaling. Ref.12 Ref.13

Polymorphism: Individuals with a common stop codon polymorphism in position 392 are unable to mediate flagellin signaling. This polymorphism acts in a dominant fashion and is associated with susceptibility to pneumonia caused by Legionella pneumophila [

MIM:608556]. It also provides protection against systemic lupus erythematosus.

Involvement in disease: Systemic lupus erythematosus 1 (SLEB1) [MIM:601744]: A chronic, relapsing, inflammatory, and often febrile multisystemic disorder of connective tissue, characterized principally by involvement of the skin, joints, kidneys and serosal membranes. It is of unknown etiology, but is thought to represent a failure of the regulatory mechanisms of the autoimmune system. The disease is marked by a wide range of system dysfunctions, an elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate, and the formation of LE cells in the blood or bone marrow.Note: Disease susceptibility is associated with variations affecting the gene represented in this entry. Ref.11

Sequence similarities: Belongs to the Toll-like receptor family.Contains 15 LRR (leucine-rich) repeats.Contains 1 TIR domain.