CD18 Antibody – Mouse

The product of this gene belongs to the integrin beta chain family of proteins. Integrins are integral cell-surface proteins composed of an alpha chain and a beta chain. This gene encodes the integrin beta chain beta 2. A given chain may combine with multiple partners resulting in different integrins. For example, beta 2 combines with the alpha L chain to form the integrin LFA-1, and combines with the alpha M chain to form the integrin Mac-1. Integrins are known to participate in cell adhesion as well as cell-surface mediated signalling. Defects in this gene are the cause of leukocyte adhesion deficiency type I (LAD1). Two transcript variants encoding the same protein have been identified for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

Function: Integrin alpha-L/beta-2 is a receptor for ICAM1, ICAM2, ICAM3 and ICAM4. Integrins alpha-M/beta-2 and alpha-X/beta-2 are receptors for the iC3b fragment of the third complement component and for fibrinogen. Integrin alpha-X/beta-2 recognizes the sequence G-P-R in fibrinogen alpha-chain. Integrin alpha-M/beta-2 recognizes P1 and P2 peptides of fibrinogen gamma chain. Integrin alpha-M/beta-2 is also a receptor for factor X. Integrin alpha-D/beta-2 is a receptor for ICAM3 and VCAM1. Triggers neutrophil transmigration during lung injury through PTK2B/PYK2-mediated activation. Ref.15

Subunit structure: Heterodimer of an alpha and a beta subunit. Beta-2 associates with either alpha-L, alpha-M, alpha-X or alpha-D. Interacts with FGR

By similarity. Interacts with COPS5 and RANBP9. Ref.11 Ref.13 Ref.18

Subcellular location: Membrane; Single-pass type I membrane protein.

Post-translational modification: Both Ser-745 and Ser-756 become phosphorylated when T-cells are exposed to phorbol esters. Phosphorylation on Thr-758 (but not on Ser-756) allows interaction with 14-3-3 proteins. Ref.12

Involvement in disease: Leukocyte adhesion deficiency 1 (LAD1) [MIM:116920]: LAD1 patients have recurrent bacterial infections and their leukocytes are deficient in a wide range of adhesion-dependent functions.Note: The disease is caused by mutations affecting the gene represented in this entry. Ref.9 Ref.10 Ref.19 Ref.20 Ref.21 Ref.22 Ref.23 Ref.24 Ref.25 Ref.26 Ref.27

Sequence similarities: Belongs to the integrin beta chain family.Contains 1 VWFA domain.

Sequence caution: The sequence BAD96225.1 differs from that shown. Reason: Erroneous initiation.