V-Ha-Ras Harvey Rat Sarcoma Viral Oncogene Homolog (HRAS) ELISA Kit for Cavy

This gene belongs to the Ras oncogene family, whose members are related to the transforming genes of mammalian sarcoma retroviruses. The products encoded by these genes function in signal transduction pathways. These proteins can bind GTP and GDP, and they have intrinsic GTPase activity. This protein undergoes a continuous cycle of de- and re-palmitoylation, which regulates its rapid exchange between the plasma membrane and the Golgi apparatus. Mutations in this gene cause Costello syndrome, a disease characterized by increased growth at the prenatal stage, growth deficiency at the postnatal stage, predisposition to tumor formation, mental retardation, skin and musculoskeletal abnormalities, distinctive facial appearance and cardiovascular abnormalities. Defects in this gene are implicated in a variety of cancers, including bladder cancer, follicular thyroid cancer, and oral squamous cell carcinoma. Multiple transcript variants, which encode different isoforms, have been identified for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

HRas: a small GTPase protein of the Ras family. Alternates between an inactive form bound to GDP and an active form bound to GTP. Activated by a guanine nucleotide-exchange factor (GEF) and inactivated by a GTPase-activating protein (GAP). Mutations are implicated in a variety of human tumors.

Protein type: Motility/polarity/chemotaxis; G protein, monomeric; G protein, monomeric, Ras; G protein; Oncoprotein

Chromosomal Location of Human Ortholog: 11p15.5

Cellular Component: Golgi membrane; Golgi apparatus; perinuclear region of cytoplasm; cytoplasm; plasma membrane; nucleus; cytosol

Molecular Function: protein C-terminus binding; protein binding; GTP binding

Biological Process: regulation of long-term neuronal synaptic plasticity; axon guidance; activation of MAPKK activity; nerve growth factor receptor signaling pathway; protein heterooligomerization; positive regulation of JNK cascade; chemotaxis; signal transduction; positive regulation of MAP kinase activity; negative regulation of cell proliferation; synaptic transmission; cell surface receptor linked signal transduction; positive regulation of MAPKKK cascade; small GTPase mediated signal transduction; positive regulation of cell proliferation; ephrin receptor signaling pathway; visual learning; negative regulation of neuron apoptosis; cell cycle arrest; epidermal growth factor receptor signaling pathway; fibroblast growth factor receptor signaling pathway; mitotic cell cycle checkpoint; MAPKKK cascade; endocytosis; social behavior; regulation of synaptic transmission, GABAergic; cell proliferation; positive regulation of Rac protein signal transduction; organ morphogenesis; negative regulation of cell differentiation; Ras protein signal transduction; insulin receptor signaling pathway; innate immune response; striated muscle cell differentiation; positive regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter; positive regulation of protein amino acid phosphorylation; vascular endothelial growth factor receptor signaling pathway; blood coagulation; actin cytoskeleton organization and biogenesis; leukocyte migration; positive regulation of epithelial cell proliferation; positive regulation of DNA replication; positive regulation of cell migration

Disease: Bladder Cancer; Thyroid Carcinoma, Follicular; Costello Syndrome; Schimmelpenning-feuerstein-mims Syndrome; Melanocytic Nevus Syndrome, Congenital; Nevus, Epidermal