NODAL Antibody – Goat Polyclonal

This gene encodes a secreted ligand of the TGF-beta (transforming growth factor-beta) superfamily of proteins. Ligands of this family bind various TGF-beta receptors leading to recruitment and activation of SMAD family transcription factors that regulate gene expression. The encoded preproprotein is proteolytically processed to generate the mature protein, which regulates early embryonic development. Homozygous knockout mice for this gene exhibit early embryonic lethality, while expression of a hypomorphic allele results in defects in anteroposterior and left-right patterning. [provided by RefSeq, Aug 2016]

NODAL: Essential for mesoderm formation and axial patterning during embryonic development. Defects in NODAL are the cause of visceral heterotaxy autosomal type 5 (HTX5). A form of visceral heterotaxy, a complex disorder due to disruption of the normal left-right asymmetry of the thoracoabdominal organs. It results in an abnormal arrangement of visceral organs, and a wide variety of congenital defects. Clinical features of visceral heterotaxy autosomal type 5 include situs inversus viscerum or situs ambiguus, congenital heart defect, transposition of the great vessels ventricular septal defect, atrial septal defect, truncuscommunis, and dextrocardia. Belongs to the TGF-beta family.

Protein type: Cell development/differentiation; Cytokine; Motility/polarity/chemotaxis; Secreted; Secreted, signal peptide

Chromosomal Location of Human Ortholog: 10 B4|10 32.21 cM

Cellular Component: extracellular region; extracellular space

Molecular Function: cytokine activity; protein binding; receptor agonist activity; transforming growth factor beta receptor binding

Biological Process: anatomical structure formation; anterior/posterior axis specification; anterior/posterior pattern formation; axial mesodermal cell fate specification; BMP signaling pathway; brain development; cell fate commitment; cell migration; cell migration involved in gastrulation; determination of left/right symmetry; digestive tract morphogenesis; embryonic cranial skeleton morphogenesis; embryonic heart tube development; embryonic pattern specification; embryonic placenta development; embryonic process involved in female pregnancy; endoderm development; floor plate morphogenesis; formation of anatomical boundary; gastrulation; gastrulation with mouth forming second; heart development; heart looping; in utero embryonic development; liver development; lung development; maternal placenta development; maternal process involved in parturition; mesendoderm development; mesoderm formation; negative regulation of cell differentiation; negative regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter; nervous system development; neural fold formation; placenta development; polarity specification of proximal/distal axis; positive regulation of activin receptor signaling pathway; positive regulation of angiogenesis; positive regulation of caspase activity; positive regulation of cell proliferation; positive regulation of cell-cell adhesion; positive regulation of epithelial cell proliferation; positive regulation of transcription factor activity; positive regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter; regulation of apoptosis; regulation of gastrulation; regulation of MAPKKK cascade; regulation of signal transduction; repression of premature neural plate formation; stem cell maintenance; tissue morphogenesis; transforming growth factor beta receptor signaling pathway; trophectodermal cell differentiation; trophectodermal cellular morphogenesis; vasculature development