ARTN Antibody – Goat Polyclonal

The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the glial cell line-derived neurotophic factor (GDNF) family of ligands which are a group of ligands within the TGF-beta superfamily of signaling molecules. GDNFs are unique in having neurotrophic properties and have potential use for gene therapy in neurodegenerative disease. Artemin has been shown in culture to support the survival of a number of peripheral neuron populations and at least one population of dopaminergic CNS neurons. Its role in the PNS and CNS is further substantiated by its expression pattern in the proximity of these neurons. This protein is a ligand for the RET receptor and uses GFR-alpha 3 as a coreceptor. Multiple transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Oct 2008]

artemin: Ligand for the GFR-alpha-3-RET receptor complex but can also activate the GFR-alpha-1-RET receptor complex. Supports the survival of sensory and sympathetic peripheral neurons in culture and also supports the survival of dopaminergic neurons of the ventral mid-brain. Strong attractant of gut hematopoietic cells thus promoting the formation Peyer's patch-like structures, a major component of the gut-associated lymphoid tissue. Belongs to the TGF-beta family. GDNF subfamily. 3 isoforms of the human protein are produced by alternative splicing.

Protein type: Secreted; Secreted, signal peptide

Chromosomal Location of Human Ortholog: 1p34.1

Cellular Component: extracellular region; extracellular space; intracellular

Molecular Function: growth factor activity; Ras guanyl-nucleotide exchange factor activity; receptor binding

Biological Process: axon guidance; induction of positive chemotaxis; MAPKKK cascade; neuroblast proliferation; peripheral nervous system development; positive regulation of GTPase activity; signal transduction