BID Recombinant Protein

This gene encodes a death agonist that heterodimerizes with either agonist BAX or antagonist BCL2. The encoded protein is a member of the BCL-2 family of cell death regulators. It is a mediator of mitochondrial damage induced by caspase-8 (CASP8); CASP8 cleaves this encoded protein, and the COOH-terminal part translocates to mitochondria where it triggers cytochrome c release. Multiple alternatively spliced transcript variants have been found, but the full-length nature of some variants has not been defined. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

Function: The major proteolytic product p15 BID allows the release of cytochrome c

By similarity. Isoform 1, isoform 2 and isoform 4 induce ICE-like proteases and apoptosis. Isoform 3 does not induce apoptosis. Counters the protective effect of Bcl-2. Ref.3

Subunit structure: Forms heterodimers either with the pro-apoptotic protein BAX or the anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2

By similarity. p15 BID interacts with ITCH. Ref.11

Subcellular location: Cytoplasm

By similarity. Mitochondrion membrane

By similarity. Note: When uncleaved, it is predominantly cytoplasmic. Ref.3BH3-interacting domain death agonist p15: Mitochondrion membrane

By similarity. Note: Translocates to mitochondria as an integral membrane protein

By similarity. Ref.3BH3-interacting domain death agonist p13: Mitochondrion membrane

By similarity. Note: Associated with the mitochondrial membrane

By similarity. Ref.3Isoform 1: Cytoplasm Ref.3. Isoform 3: Cytoplasm Ref.3. Isoform 2: Mitochondrion membrane. Note: A significant proportion of isoform 2 localizes to mitochondria, it may be cleaved constitutively. Ref.3

Tissue specificity: Isoform 2 and isoform 3 are expressed in spleen, bone marrow, cerebral and cerebellar cortex. Isoform 2 is expressed in spleen, pancreas and placenta (at protein level). Isoform 3 is expressed in lung, pancreas and spleen (at protein level). Isoform 4 is expressed in lung and pancreas (at protein level). Ref.3

Domain: Intact BH3 motif is required by BIK, BID, BAK, BAD and BAX for their pro-apoptotic activity and for their interaction with anti-apoptotic members of the Bcl-2 family.

Post-translational modification: TNF-alpha induces a caspase-mediated cleavage of p22 BID into a major p15 and minor p13 and p11 products

By similarity.p15 BID is ubiquitinated by ITCH; ubiquitination results in proteasome-dependent degradation.

Sequence caution: The sequence AAH22072.2 differs from that shown. Reason: Erroneous initiation.