UBE2A Recombinant Protein

The modification of proteins with ubiquitin is an important cellular mechanism for targeting abnormal or short-lived proteins for degradation. Ubiquitination involves at least three classes of enzymes: ubiquitin-activating enzymes, ubiquitin-conjugating enzymes, and ubiquitin-protein ligases. This gene encodes a member of the E2 ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme family. This enzyme is required for post-replicative DNA damage repair, and may play a role in transcriptional regulation. Mutations in this gene are associated with mental retardation. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants. [provided by RefSeq, Aug 2013]

Function: Accepts ubiquitin from the E1 complex and catalyzes its covalent attachment to other proteins. In association with the E3 enzyme BRE1 (RNF20 and/or RNF40), it plays a role in transcription regulation by catalyzing the monoubiquitination of histone H2B at 'Lys-120' to form H2BK120ub1. H2BK120ub1 gives a specific tag for epigenetic transcriptional activation, elongation by RNA polymerase II, telomeric silencing, and is also a prerequisite for H3K4me and H3K79me formation. In vitro catalyzes 'Lys-11', as well as 'Lys-48'-linked polyubiquitination. Required for postreplication repair of UV-damaged DNA. Ref.7 Ref.9

Catalytic activity: ATP + ubiquitin + protein lysine = AMP + diphosphate + protein N-ubiquityllysine.

Pathway: Protein modification; protein ubiquitination.

Subunit structure: Interacts with RAD18 and WAC. Ref.11

Post-translational modification: Phosphorylation at Ser-120 by CDK9 increases activity towards histone H2B.

Involvement in disease: Mental retardation, X-linked, syndromic, Nascimento-type (MRXSN) [MIM:300860]: A disorder characterized by significantly below average general intellectual functioning associated with impairments in adaptative behavior and manifested during the developmental period. MRXSN features include dysmorphic facies, hirsutism, skin and nails abnormalities, obesity, speech anomalies and seizures.Note: The disease is caused by mutations affecting the gene represented in this entry. Ref.8 Ref.13

Sequence similarities: Belongs to the ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme family.