RAC1 Recombinant Protein

The protein encoded by this gene is a GTPase which belongs to the RAS superfamily of small GTP-binding proteins. Members of this superfamily appear to regulate a diverse array of cellular events, including the control of cell growth, cytoskeletal reorganization, and the activation of protein kinases. Two transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Mar 2009]

RAC1: a plasma membrane-associated member of the Rho-GTPase family. Plays a key role in cytoskeletal reorganization, membrane trafficking, transcriptional regulation and cell growth and development. GTP binding stimulates its activity. Phosphorylation by Akt may inhibit GTP binding of Rac1, therefore attenuating the downstream signal transduction pathway. Found in a trimeric complex composed of DOCK1 and ELMO1, which plays a central role in phagocytosis of apoptotic cells. Two alternatively spliced isoforms have been described.

Protein type: G protein; G protein, monomeric; G protein, monomeric, Rho; Motility/polarity/chemotaxis

Chromosomal Location of Human Ortholog: 7p22.1

Cellular Component: actin filament; cytoplasm; cytosol; dendritic spine; endoplasmic reticulum membrane; extracellular matrix; focal adhesion; lamellipodium; membrane; plasma membrane; secretory granule membrane; trans-Golgi network

Molecular Function: enzyme binding; GTP binding; GTPase activity; protein binding; protein kinase binding; Rho GDP-dissociation inhibitor binding; thioesterase binding

Biological Process: actin cytoskeleton organization and biogenesis; actin filament polymerization; anatomical structure morphogenesis; blood coagulation; cell adhesion; cell motility; cell motility involved in cell locomotion; ephrin receptor signaling pathway; hepatocyte growth factor receptor signaling pathway; inflammatory response; lamellipodium biogenesis; localization within membrane; negative regulation of interleukin-23 production; negative regulation of receptor-mediated endocytosis; neutrophil degranulation; platelet activation; positive regulation of apoptosis; positive regulation of focal adhesion formation; positive regulation of microtubule polymerization; positive regulation of protein amino acid phosphorylation; positive regulation of Rho protein signal transduction; positive regulation of stress fiber formation; regulation of cell migration; regulation of cell size; regulation of defense response to virus by virus; regulation of hydrogen peroxide metabolic process; regulation of small GTPase mediated signal transduction; regulation of stress fiber formation; response to wounding; ruffle organization and biogenesis; T cell costimulation; vascular endothelial growth factor receptor signaling pathway; Wnt receptor signaling pathway, planar cell polarity pathway