ULK1 Recombinant Protein

ULK1: Serine/threonine-protein kinase involved in autophagy in response to starvation. Acts upstream of phosphatidylinositol 3- kinase PIK3C3 to regulate the formation of autophagophores, the precursors of autophagosomes. Part of regulatory feedback loops in autophagy: acts both as a downstream effector and negative regulator of mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) via interaction with RPTOR. Activated via phosphorylation by AMPK and also acts as a regulator of AMPK by mediating phosphorylation of AMPK subunits PRKAA1, PRKAB2 and PRKAG1, leading to negatively regulate AMPK activity. May phosphorylate ATG13/KIAA0652 and RPTOR; however such data need additional evidences. Plays a role early in neuronal differentiation and is required for granule cell axon formation. Interacts with GABARAP and GABARAPL2. Interacts (via C- terminus) with ATG13/KIAA0652. Part of a complex consisting of ATG13/KIAA0652, ULK1 and RB1CC1. Associates with the mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) through an interaction with RPTOR; the association depends on nutrient conditions and is reduced during starvation. Ubiquitously expressed. Detected in the following adult tissues: skeletal muscle, heart, pancreas, brain, placenta, liver, kidney, and lung. Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. Ser/Thr protein kinase family. APG1/unc-51/ULK1 subfamily.

Protein type: Autophagy; EC 2.7.11.1; Kinase, protein; Other group; Protein kinase, Other; Protein kinase, Ser/Thr (non-receptor); ULK family

Chromosomal Location of Human Ortholog: 12q24.33

Cellular Component: autophagic vacuole; cytosol; endoplasmic reticulum membrane; mitochondrial outer membrane; pre-autophagosomal structure membrane; recycling endosome

Molecular Function: GTPase binding; kinase activity; protein binding; protein complex binding; protein serine/threonine kinase activity; Rab GTPase binding

Biological Process: autophagy; axon extension; cellular response to nutrient levels; macroautophagy; negative regulation of protein complex assembly; neurite development; peptidyl-serine phosphorylation; peptidyl-threonine phosphorylation; protein amino acid autophosphorylation; protein localization; regulation of macroautophagy; response to starvation