Albumin (ALB) Antibody – Mouse Monoclonal

Albumin is a soluble, monomeric protein which comprises about one-half of the blood serum protein. Albumin functions primarily as a carrier protein for steroids, fatty acids, and thyroid hormones and plays a role in stabilizing extracellular fluid volume. Albumin is a globular unglycosylated serum protein of molecular weight 65,000. Albumin is synthesized in the liver as preproalbumin which has an N-terminal peptide that is removed before the nascent protein is released from the rough endoplasmic reticulum. The product, proalbumin, is in turn cleaved in the Golgi vesicles to produce the secreted albumin. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

Function: Serum albumin, the main protein of plasma, has a good binding capacity for water, Ca2+, Na+, K+, fatty acids, hormones, bilirubin and drugs. Its main function is the regulation of the colloidal osmotic pressure of blood. Major zinc transporter in plasma, typically binds about 80% of all plasma zinc. Ref.32

Subcellular location: Secreted.

Tissue specificity: Plasma.

Post-translational modification: Kenitra variant is partially O-glycosylated at Thr-620. It has two new disulfide bonds Cys-600 to Cys-602 and Cys-601 to Cys-606.Glycated in diabetic patients.Phosphorylation sites are present in the extracellular medium.Acetylated on Lys-223 by acetylsalicylic acid.

Polymorphism: A variant structure of albumin could lead to increased binding of zinc resulting in an asymptomatic augmentation of zinc concentration in the blood. The sequence shown is that of variant albumin A.

Involvement in disease: Familial dysalbuminemic hyperthyroxinemia (FDH) [MIM:103600]: Form of euthyroid hyperthyroxinemia that is due to increased affinity of ALB for T(4). It is the most common cause of inherited euthyroid hyperthyroxinemia in Caucasian population.Note: The disease is caused by mutations affecting the gene represented in this entry. Ref.61 Ref.62 Ref.63 Ref.64

Sequence similarities: Belongs to the ALB/AFP/VDB family.Contains 3 albumin domains.

Caution: A peptide arising from positions 166 to 174 was originally (Ref.23 and Ref.24) termed neurotensin-related peptide (NRP) or kinetensin and was thought to regulate fat digestion, lipid absorption, and blood flow.

Sequence caution: The sequence AAF22034.1 differs from that shown. Reason: Erroneous initiation. Translation N-terminally extended.The sequence AAF69644.1 differs from that shown. Reason: Erroneous initiation. Translation N-terminally extended.The sequence AAG35503.1 differs from that shown. Reason: Erroneous initiation. Translation N-terminally extended.