HPGD Antibody – Mouse Monoclonal

This gene encodes a member of the short-chain nonmetalloenzyme alcohol dehydrogenase protein family. The encoded enzyme is responsible for the metabolism of prostaglandins, which function in a variety of physiologic and cellular processes such as inflammation. Mutations in this gene result in primary autosomal recessive hypertrophic osteoarthropathy and cranioosteoarthropathy. Multiple transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Mar 2009]

HPGD: Prostaglandin inactivation. Contributes to the regulation of events that are under the control of prostaglandin levels. Catalyzes the NAD-dependent dehydrogenation of lipoxin A4 to form 15-oxo-lipoxin A4. Inhibits in vivo proliferation of colon cancer cells. Defects in HPGD are the cause of hypertrophic osteoarthropathy, primary, autosomal recessive, type 1 (PHOAR1). A disease characterized by digital clubbing, periostosis, acroosteolysis, painful joint enlargement, and variable features of pachydermia that include thickened facial skin and a thickened scalp. Other developmental anomalies include delayed closure of the cranial sutures and congenital heart disease. Defects in HPGD are the cause of cranioosteoarthropathy (COA). A form of osterarthropathy characterized by swelling of the joints, digital clubbing, hyperhidrosis, delayed closure of the fontanels, periostosis, and variable patent ductus arteriosus. Pachydermia is not a prominent feature. Defects in HPGD are a cause of isolated congenital nail clubbing (ICNC); also called clubbing of digits or hereditary acropachy. ICNC is a rare genodermatosis characterized by enlargement of the nail plate and terminal segments of the fingers and toes, resulting from proliferation of the connective tissues between the nail matrix and the distal phalanx. It is usually symmetrical and bilateral (in some cases unilateral). In nail clubbing usually the distal end of the nail matrix is relatively high compared to the proximal end, while the nail plate is complete but its dimensions and diameter more or less vary in comparison to normal. There may be different fingers and toes involved to varying degrees. Some fingers or toes are spared, but the thumbs are almost always involved. Belongs to the short-chain dehydrogenases/reductases (SDR) family. 2 isoforms of the human protein are produced by alternative splicing.

Protein type: EC 1.1.1.141; Oxidoreductase; Tumor suppressor

Chromosomal Location of Human Ortholog: 4q34-q35

Cellular Component: basolateral plasma membrane; cytosol

Molecular Function: protein homodimerization activity; 15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase (NAD+) activity; catalytic activity; NAD binding; prostaglandin E receptor activity

Biological Process: ovulation; lipoxygenase pathway; transforming growth factor beta receptor signaling pathway; cyclooxygenase pathway; arachidonic acid metabolic process; parturition; female pregnancy; prostaglandin metabolic process; negative regulation of cell cycle

Disease: Digital Clubbing, Isolated Congenital; Hypertrophic Osteoarthropathy, Primary, Autosomal Recessive, 1