MAPK11 Antibody – Mouse Monoclonal

This gene encodes a member of a family of protein kinases that are involved in the integration of biochemical signals for a wide variety of cellular processes, including cell proliferation, differentiation, transcriptional regulation, and development. The encoded protein can be activated by proinflammatory cytokines and environmental stresses through phosphorylation by mitogen activated protein kinase kinases (MKKs). Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants. [provided by RefSeq, Mar 2014]

P38B: a proline-directed ser/thr MAP kinase, and one of four p38 kinases that play important roles in cellular responses to inflammatory cytokines, DNA damage, oxidative stress, and some GPCRs, leading to direct activation of transcription factors and of other downstream kinases including MSK1, MSK2, eEF2K, MK2, and PRAK. MSK1 and -2 play important roles in the rapid induction of immediate-early genes in response to stress or mitogenic stimuli. MK2 and -3 control gene expression mostly at the post-transcriptional level. eEF2K is important for the elongation of mRNA during translation. Ectodomain shedding of transmembrane proteins is regulated by p38 MAPKs as well. In response to inflammatory stimuli, p38 MAPKs phosphorylate the membrane-associated metalloprotease ADAM17, which then cleaves the ectodomain of TGF-alpha family ligands, a process leading to the activation of EGFR signaling and cell proliferation. In the nucleus, many transcription factors are phosphorylated and activated by p38 MAPKs in response to different stimuli. Classical examples include ATF1, ATF2, ATF6, ELK1, PTPRH, CHOPO, p53 and MEF2C and MEF2A. The p38 MAPKs are emerging as important modulators of gene expression by regulating chromatin modifiers and remodelers. The promoters of several genes involved in the inflammatory response, such as IL6, IL8 and IL12B, display a p38 MAPK-dependent enrichment of histone H3 phosphorylation on 'Ser-10' (H3S10ph) in LPS-stimulated myeloid cells. Interacts directly with HDAC3 interacts directly and selectively to repress ATF2 transcriptional activity, and regulate TNF gene expression in LPS-stimulated cells. Inhibited by SB203580 and pyridinyl-imidazole related compounds.

Protein type: Kinase, protein; Protein kinase, CMGC; EC 2.7.11.24; Protein kinase, Ser/Thr (non-receptor); CMGC group; MAPK family; MAPK/p38 subfamily; p38 subfamily

Chromosomal Location of Human Ortholog: 22q13.33

Cellular Component: nucleoplasm; cytosol

Molecular Function: MAP kinase activity; protein serine/threonine kinase activity; protein binding; ATP binding

Biological Process: mitochondrion organization and biogenesis; transcription, DNA-dependent; nerve growth factor receptor signaling pathway; activation of MAPK activity; MyD88-independent toll-like receptor signaling pathway; organelle organization and biogenesis; stress-activated MAPK cascade; toll-like receptor 3 signaling pathway; signal transduction; protein amino acid phosphorylation; toll-like receptor 2 signaling pathway; toll-like receptor 10 signaling pathway; toll-like receptor 5 signaling pathway; MyD88-dependent toll-like receptor signaling pathway; muscle cell differentiation; regulation of transcription factor activity; Ras protein signal transduction; toll-like receptor signaling pathway; positive regulation of muscle cell differentiation; innate immune response; response to stress; gene expression; toll-like receptor 9 signaling pathway; vascular endothelial growth factor receptor signaling pathway; toll-like receptor 4 signaling pathway