IL-1RA Recombinant Protein

The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the interleukin 1 cytokine family. This protein inhibits the activities of interleukin 1, alpha (IL1A) and interleukin 1, beta (IL1B), and modulates a variety of interleukin 1 related immune and inflammatory responses. This gene and five other closely related cytokine genes form a gene cluster spanning approximately 400 kb on chromosome 2. A polymorphism of this gene is reported to be associated with increased risk of osteoporotic fractures and gastric cancer. Several alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding distinct isoforms have been reported. [provided by RefSeq, Jan 2016]

IL1RN: Inhibits the activity of interleukin-1 by binding to receptor IL1R1 and preventing its association with the coreceptor IL1RAP for signaling. Has no interleukin-1 like activity. Binds functional interleukin-1 receptor IL1R1 with greater affinity than decoy receptor IL1R2; however, the physiological relevance of the latter association is unsure. The intracellular form of IL1RN is predominantly expressed in epithelial cells. 4 isoforms of the human protein are produced by alternative splicing.

Protein type: Secreted; Vesicle; Secreted, signal peptide; Cytokine

Chromosomal Location of Human Ortholog: 2q14.2

Cellular Component: cytoplasm; extracellular space; intracellular; plasma membrane

Molecular Function: cytokine activity; interleukin-1 receptor antagonist activity; interleukin-1 receptor binding; interleukin-1 Type I receptor antagonist activity; interleukin-1 Type II receptor antagonist activity; interleukin-1, Type I receptor binding; interleukin-1, Type II receptor binding; protein binding

Biological Process: acute-phase response; immune response; insulin secretion; lipid metabolic process; negative regulation of cytokine and chemokine mediated signaling pathway; negative regulation of heterotypic cell-cell adhesion; response to glucocorticoid stimulus

Disease: Gastric Cancer, Hereditary Diffuse; Microvascular Complications Of Diabetes, Susceptibility To, 4; Osteomyelitis, Sterile Multifocal, With Periostitis And Pustulosis