MIP-1gamma (CCL9) Mouse Recombinant Protein

Macrophage Inflammatory Protein-1 is a factor produced by macrophages that causes local inflammatory responses, and induces superoxide production by neutrophils. Two peptides are responsible for this activity. They have been termed MIP-1-alpha, and MIP- 1-beta. The two MIP proteins are the major factors produced by macrophages following their stimulation with bacterial endotoxins. Both proteins are involved in the cell activation of human granulocytes (neutrophils, eosinophils, and basophils) and appear to be involved in acute neutrophilic inflammation. Both forms of MIP-1 stimulate the production of reactive oxygen species in neutrophils and the release of lysosomal enzymes. They also induce the synthesis of other pro-inflammatory cytokines such as IL1, IL6 and TNF in fibroblasts and macrophages. MIP-1-alpha is a potent agonist of basophils, inducing a rapid change of cytosolic free calcium (see also: Calcium ionophore), the release of histamine and sulfido- leukotrienes, and Chemotaxis. Murine MIP-1- alpha is the primary stimulator of TNF secretion by macrophages, whereas MIP- 1-beta antagonizes the inductive effects of MIP-1- alpha. In human monocytes the production of MIP-1-beta can be induced by bacterial lipopolysaccharides and IL7. The biological activities of MIP-1-alpha and MIP-1-beta are mediated by receptors that bind both factors CCR5. A second species of receptors for these two factors also appears to bind MCAF.

• icsbp-mediated immune protection against bcr-abl–induced leukemia requires the ccl6 and CCL9 chemokines .Blood, Apr 2009; 113: 3813 - 3820.
• the cxcl12, periostin, and CCL9 genes are direct targets for early b-cell factor in op-9 stroma cells .J. Biol. Chem., May 2007; 282: 14454 - 14462.
• chemokine and chemokine receptor expression during colony stimulating factor-1–induced osteoclast differentiation in the toothless osteopetrotic rat: a key role for CCL9 (mip-1) in osteoclastogenesis in vivo and in vitro .Blood, Mar 2006; 107: 2262 - 2270.