Lipin 1 (LPIN1) Antibody

This gene encodes a magnesium-ion-dependent phosphatidic acid phosphohydrolase enzyme that catalyzes the penultimate step in triglyceride synthesis including the dephosphorylation of phosphatidic acid to yield diacylglycerol. Expression of this gene is required for adipocyte differentiation and it also functions as a nuclear transcriptional coactivator with some peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors to modulate expression of other genes involved in lipid metabolism. Mutations in this gene are associated with metabolic syndrome, type 2 diabetes, and autosomal recessive acute recurrent myoglobinuria (ARARM). This gene is also a candidate for several human lipodystrophy syndromes. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants encoding distinct isoforms. Additional splice variants have been described but their full-length structures have not been determined. [provided by RefSeq, May 2012]

LPIN1: Plays important roles in controlling the metabolism of fatty acids at differents levels. Acts as a magnesium-dependent phosphatidate phosphatase enzyme which catalyzes the conversion of phosphatidic acid to diacylglycerol during triglyceride, phosphatidylcholine and phosphatidylethanolamine biosynthesis in the reticulum endoplasmic membrane. Acts also as a nuclear transcriptional coactivator for PPARGC1A/PPARA to modulate lipid metabolism gene expression. Is involved in adipocyte differentiation. May also be involved in mitochondrial fission by converting phosphatidic acid to diacylglycerol. Interacts (via LXXIL motif) with PPARA. Interacts with PPARGC1A. Interaction with PPARA and PPARGC1A leads to the formation of a complex that modulates gene transcription. Interacts with MEF2C. Specifically expressed in skeletal muscle. Also abundant in adipose tissue. Lower levels in some portions of the digestive tract. Inhibited by N-ethylmaleimide. Belongs to the lipin family.

Protein type: EC 3.1.3.4; Phosphatase, lipid

Chromosomal Location of Human Ortholog: 2p25.1

Cellular Component: nucleoplasm; mitochondrial outer membrane; transcription factor complex; endoplasmic reticulum membrane; nuclear membrane; cytoplasm; nuclear envelope; cytosol; nucleus

Molecular Function: peroxisome proliferator activated receptor binding; phosphatidate phosphatase activity; histone deacetylase binding; transcription coactivator activity

Biological Process: mitochondrial fission; organ regeneration; transcription, DNA-dependent; regulation of fat cell differentiation; glycerophospholipid biosynthetic process; phosphatidylethanolamine biosynthetic process; mitotic nuclear envelope disassembly; triacylglycerol biosynthetic process; negative regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter; cellular lipid metabolic process; fatty acid catabolic process; positive regulation of histone deacetylation; dephosphorylation; cellular response to insulin stimulus; phospholipid metabolic process; actin cytoskeleton reorganization; phosphatidylcholine biosynthetic process; ruffle organization and biogenesis; positive regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter; mitotic cell cycle; triacylglycerol mobilization

Disease: Myoglobinuria, Acute Recurrent, Autosomal Recessive