mGluR3 Antibody

L-glutamate is the major excitatory neurotransmitter in the central nervous system and activates both ionotropic and metabotropic glutamate receptors. Glutamatergic neurotransmission is involved in most aspects of normal brain function and can be perturbed in many neuropathologic conditions. The metabotropic glutamate receptors are a family of G protein-coupled receptors, that have been divided into 3 groups on the basis of sequence homology, putative signal transduction mechanisms, and pharmacologic properties. Group I includes GRM1 and GRM5 and these receptors have been shown to activate phospholipase C. Group II includes GRM2 and GRM3 while Group III includes GRM4, GRM6, GRM7 and GRM8. Group II and III receptors are linked to the inhibition of the cyclic AMP cascade but differ in their agonist selectivities. Two transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

mGluR2: Receptor for glutamate. The activity of this receptor is mediated by a G-protein that inhibits adenylate cyclase activity. May mediate suppression of neurotransmission or may be involved in synaptogenesis or synaptic stabilization. Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 3 family.

Protein type: Membrane protein, multi-pass; Receptor, GPCR; GPCR, family 3; Membrane protein, integral

Chromosomal Location of Human Ortholog: 3p21.2

Cellular Component: presynaptic membrane; integral to plasma membrane; axon; dendrite; plasma membrane; intracellular; cell junction

Molecular Function: G-protein coupled receptor activity; group II metabotropic glutamate receptor activity; calcium channel regulator activity; glutamate receptor activity

Biological Process: synaptic transmission; regulation of synaptic transmission, glutamatergic; glutamate secretion; negative regulation of adenylate cyclase activity; metabotropic glutamate receptor, adenylate cyclase inhibiting pathway