MMP-14 Active Protein

Proteins of the matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) family are involved in the breakdown of extracellular matrix in normal physiological processes, such as embryonic development, reproduction, and tissue remodeling, as well as in disease processes, such as arthritis and metastasis. Most MMP's are secreted as inactive proproteins which are activated when cleaved by extracellular proteinases. However, the protein encoded by this gene is a member of the membrane-type MMP (MT-MMP) subfamily; each member of this subfamily contains a potential transmembrane domain suggesting that these proteins are expressed at the cell surface rather than secreted. This protein activates MMP2 protein, and this activity may be involved in tumor invasion. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

MMP14: Seems to specifically activate progelatinase A. May thus trigger invasion by tumor cells by activating progelatinase A on the tumor cell surface. May be involved in actin cytoskeleton reorganization by cleaving PTK7. Up-regulated by NANOS1. Expressed in stromal cells of colon, breast, and head and neck. Expressed in lung tumors. Belongs to the peptidase M10A family.

Protein type: Protease; EC 3.4.24.80; Motility/polarity/chemotaxis; Membrane protein, integral

Chromosomal Location of Human Ortholog: 14q11.2

Cellular Component: extracellular matrix; focal adhesion; integral to plasma membrane; Golgi lumen; cytoplasm; melanosome; plasma membrane

Molecular Function: integrin binding; protein binding; protease activator activity; zinc ion binding; metalloendopeptidase activity; calcium ion binding; transcription factor activity

Biological Process: extracellular matrix organization and biogenesis; tissue remodeling; male gonad development; negative regulation of focal adhesion formation; embryonic cranial skeleton morphogenesis; proteolysis; positive regulation of cell growth; collagen catabolic process; extracellular matrix disassembly; branching morphogenesis of a tube; regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent; ovarian follicle development; response to mechanical stimulus; response to estrogen stimulus; endothelial cell proliferation; response to hypoxia; zymogen activation; angiogenesis; response to oxidative stress; astrocyte cell migration; lung development; endochondral ossification; positive regulation of cell migration

Disease: Winchester Syndrome