T-Cell Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase (PTPN2) Active Protein

The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTP) family. Members of the PTP family share a highly conserved catalytic motif, which is essential for the catalytic activity. PTPs are known to be signaling molecules that regulate a variety of cellular processes including cell growth, differentiation, mitotic cycle, and oncogenic transformation. Epidermal growth factor receptor and the adaptor protein Shc were reported to be substrates of this PTP, which suggested the roles in growth factor mediated cell signaling. Multiple alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found. Two highly related but distinctly processed pseudogenes that localize to chromosomes 1 and 13, respectively, have been reported. [provided by RefSeq, May 2011]

PTPN2: a type 2 non-receptor phospho-tyrosine-protein phosphatase (PTP). Two alternatively spliced isoforms are differenyially expressed. Isoform A is a major PTP expressed in human tissues, while isoform B is expressed mainly in T-cells and in placenta.

Protein type: Protein phosphatase, tyrosine (non-receptor); EC 3.1.3.48; Motility/polarity/chemotaxis

Chromosomal Location of Human Ortholog: 18p11.3-p11.2

Cellular Component: nucleoplasm; endoplasmic reticulum; ER-Golgi intermediate compartment; plasma membrane; nucleus

Molecular Function: integrin binding; protein binding; syntaxin binding; protein tyrosine phosphatase activity; receptor tyrosine kinase binding; protein kinase binding

Biological Process: negative regulation of epidermal growth factor receptor signaling pathway; negative regulation of tyrosine phosphorylation of Stat1 protein; cytokine and chemokine mediated signaling pathway; negative regulation of insulin receptor signaling pathway; negative regulation of T cell receptor signaling pathway; negative regulation of tyrosine phosphorylation of Stat5 protein; negative regulation of chemotaxis; glucose homeostasis; negative regulation of cell proliferation; positive regulation of gluconeogenesis; negative regulation of macrophage differentiation; negative regulation of inflammatory response; B cell differentiation; negative regulation of tyrosine phosphorylation of Stat3 protein; insulin receptor signaling pathway; negative regulation of tyrosine phosphorylation of Stat6 protein; erythrocyte differentiation; T cell differentiation