p300 Active Protein

This gene encodes the adenovirus E1A-associated cellular p300 transcriptional co-activator protein. It functions as histone acetyltransferase that regulates transcription via chromatin remodeling and is important in the processes of cell proliferation and differentiation. It mediates cAMP-gene regulation by binding specifically to phosphorylated CREB protein. This gene has also been identified as a co-activator of HIF1A (hypoxia-inducible factor 1 alpha), and thus plays a role in the stimulation of hypoxia-induced genes such as VEGF. Defects in this gene are a cause of Rubinstein-Taybi syndrome and may also play a role in epithelial cancer. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

p300: a histone acetyltransferase and transcriptional co-activator that regulates transcription via chromatin remodeling. Acetylates all four core histones in nucleosomes. Related to CPB (CREB-binding protein), and like CPB can stimulate transcription through activation of CREB. Specifically inhibited by the adenovirus oncoprotein E1A. A co-activator of HIF1A (hypoxia-inducible factor 1 alpha), and thus plays a role in the stimulation of hypoxia-induced genes such as VEGF. Mediates cAMP-gene regulation by binding specifically to phosphorylated CREB protein. Methylated at R580 and R604 in the KIX domain by CARM1, which blocks association with CREB, inhibits CREB signaling and activates the apoptotic response. Also methylated at R2142 by CARM1, which impairs interaction with NCoA2.

Protein type: Nuclear receptor co-regulator; EC 2.3.1.48; Acetyltransferase; Motility/polarity/chemotaxis; Transcription, coactivator/corepressor

Chromosomal Location of Human Ortholog: 22q13.2

Cellular Component: nucleoplasm; transcription factor complex; cytoplasm; nucleus; histone acetyltransferase complex

Molecular Function: lysine N-acetyltransferase activity; transcription activator binding; zinc ion binding; p53 binding; chromatin DNA binding; transcription coactivator activity; beta-catenin binding; transcription factor binding; protein binding; histone acetyltransferase activity; DNA binding; androgen receptor binding; acetyltransferase activity; transferase activity, transferring acyl groups; chromatin binding; nuclear hormone receptor binding

Biological Process: circadian rhythm; establishment and/or maintenance of chromatin architecture; positive regulation of protein binding; viral reproduction; regulation of cell cycle; apoptosis; heart development; positive regulation of transcription of target genes involved in unfolded protein response; negative regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter; regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent; positive regulation of interferon type I production; G2/M transition of mitotic cell cycle; DNA damage response, signal transduction by p53 class mediator resulting in induction of apoptosis; nervous system development; Notch signaling pathway; skeletal muscle development; somitogenesis; internal peptidyl-lysine acetylation; transcription, DNA-dependent; protein stabilization; organ morphogenesis; protein amino acid acetylation; response to estrogen stimulus; response to hypoxia; innate immune response; positive regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter; positive regulation of transcription factor activity; mitotic cell cycle; internal protein amino acid acetylation; lung development; N-terminal peptidyl-lysine acetylation

Disease: Rubinstein-taybi Syndrome 2; Rubinstein-taybi Syndrome 1; Colorectal Cancer