Transcription Factor Ap-2 Alpha, Beta (TFAP2A) Antibody – Mouse Monoclonal

This gene is a member of the activator protein 2 (AP-2) transcription factor family. The protein encoded by this gene can act as both an activator and repressor of gene transcription, and plays an important role in early embryogenesis, specifically in cranial development. This protein forms both homodimers and heterodimers, and binds to a GC-rich consensus sequence found in some promoters and enhancers. Disruption of this gene causes perinatal death, with neural tube, craniofacial, and limb mesenchyme defects. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants that encode multiple protein isoforms. [provided by RefSeq, Sep 2014]

AP-2 alpha: Sequence-specific DNA-binding protein that interacts with inducible viral and cellular enhancer elements to regulate transcription of selected genes. AP-2 factors bind to the consensus sequence 5'-GCCNNNGGC-3' and activate genes involved in a large spectrum of important biological functions including proper eye, face, body wall, limb and neural tube development. They also suppress a number of genes including MCAM/MUC18, C/EBP alpha and MYC. AP-2-alpha is the only AP-2 protein required for early morphogenesis of the lens vesicle. Together with the CITED2 coactivator, stimulates the PITX2 P1 promoter transcription activation. Associates with chromatin to the PITX2 P1 promoter region. Binds DNA as a dimer. Can form homodimers or heterodimers with other AP-2 family members. Interacts with WWOX. Interacts with CITED4. Interacts with UBE2I. Interacts with RALBP1 in a complex also containing EPN1 and NUMB during interphase and mitosis. Interacts with KCTD1; this interaction represses transcription activation. Interacts (via C-terminus) with CITED2 (via C-terminus); the interaction stimulates TFAP2A- transcriptional activation. Interacts (via N-terminus) with EP300 (via N-terminus); the interaction requires CITED2. Belongs to the AP-2 family. 3 isoforms of the human protein are produced by alternative splicing.

Protein type: Transcription factor; DNA-binding

Cellular Component: nucleoplasm; Golgi apparatus; centrosome; transcription factor complex; intracellular membrane-bound organelle; cytoplasm; cytosol; nucleus

Molecular Function: protein dimerization activity; protein binding; DNA binding; sequence-specific DNA binding; transcription coactivator activity; chromatin binding; transcription factor binding; transcription factor activity

Biological Process: embryonic forelimb morphogenesis; negative regulation of epidermal growth factor receptor signaling pathway; transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter; skin development; neural crest cell development; regulation of neuron differentiation; positive regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent; response to lipopolysaccharide; palate development; negative regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter; embryonic pattern specification; forelimb morphogenesis; negative regulation of cell proliferation; sympathetic nervous system development; sensory perception of sound; regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent; oculomotor nerve formation; regulation of cell differentiation; positive regulation of neuron apoptosis; epidermis morphogenesis; negative regulation of neuron apoptosis; kidney development; inner ear morphogenesis; trigeminal nerve development; anterior neuropore closure; transcription, DNA-dependent; embryonic cranial skeleton morphogenesis; positive regulation of bone mineralization; regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter; embryonic body morphogenesis; skeletal morphogenesis; forebrain neuron development; neural tube closure; lens morphogenesis in camera-type eye; positive regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter; embryonic camera-type eye morphogenesis; negative regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent; negative regulation of apoptosis; positive regulation of cell migration