TRA2B Antibody – Mouse Monoclonal

HTRA2: a serine proteinase that normally resides in mitochondrial membranes. It exists in two populations in mitochondria: as an unprocessed form probably attached to the inner mitochondrial membrane through a N-terminal transmembrane domain, and as a processed form containing a reaper motif at its N-terminus. Following apoptotic stimuli it is autoproteolytically activated and released into the cytosol, where it promotes programmed cell death in caspase-dependent and -independent manners. The amino-terminal reaper motif binds to the IAP (inhibitor of apoptosis) proteins cIAP1, cIAP2, and and XIAP, disrupting IAP-caspase complexes in a manner similar to Smac/DIABLO. Phosphorylation by the protein kinase Akt attenuates its serine protease and pro-apoptotic activities. The PDZ domain mediates interaction with Mxi2, an alternatively spliced form of the p38 stress-activated kinase. In contrast to its pro-apoptotic effects, targeted deletion in mice indicates that it is involved in protection against cell stress in striatial neurons. Defects in HTRA2 are the cause of Parkinson disease 13 (PARK13). Four alternatively spliced human isoforms have been described.

Protein type: Membrane protein, integral; EC 3.4.21.108; Mitochondrial; Protease

Chromosomal Location of Human Ortholog: 2p12

Cellular Component: endoplasmic reticulum membrane; internal side of plasma membrane; cytoskeleton; membrane; mitochondrion; endoplasmic reticulum; mitochondrial membrane; mitochondrial intermembrane space; cytosol; nucleus; chromatin

Molecular Function: peptidase activity; protein binding; serine-type peptidase activity; serine-type endopeptidase activity; unfolded protein binding

Biological Process: mitochondrion organization and biogenesis; positive regulation of apoptosis; regulation of multicellular organism growth; positive regulation of caspase activity; response to herbicide; proteolysis; adult walking behavior; negative regulation of cell cycle; protein autoprocessing; DNA damage response, signal transduction resulting in induction of apoptosis; pentacyclic triterpenoid metabolic process; cellular protein catabolic process; forebrain development; neuron development; ceramide metabolic process

Disease: Parkinson Disease 13, Autosomal Dominant, Susceptibility To