ATR Substrate (ATM) Antibody – Rabbit Polyclonal

The protein encoded by this gene belongs to the PI3/PI4-kinase family. This protein is an important cell cycle checkpoint kinase that phosphorylates; thus, it functions as a regulator of a wide variety of downstream proteins, including tumor suppressor proteins p53 and BRCA1, checkpoint kinase CHK2, checkpoint proteins RAD17 and RAD9, and DNA repair protein NBS1. This protein and the closely related kinase ATR are thought to be master controllers of cell cycle checkpoint signaling pathways that are required for cell response to DNA damage and for genome stability. Mutations in this gene are associated with ataxia telangiectasia, an autosomal recessive disorder. [provided by RefSeq]

ATM: an atypical kinase of the PIKK family. Regulates cell cycle checkpoints and DNA repair . May function as a tumor suppressor. Activates checkpoint signaling upon double strand breaks (DSBs), apoptosis and genotoxic stresses such as ionizing ultraviolet A light (UVA), thereby acting as a DNA damage sensor. Involved in the activation of ABL1 and SAPK. Binds DNA ends and is part of the BRCA1- associated genome surveillance complex (BASC), which contains BRCA1, MSH2, MSH6, MLH1, ATM, BLM, PMS2 and the RAD50-MRE11-NBN protein complex. This association could be a dynamic process changing throughout the cell cycle and within subnuclear domains. DNA damage promotes association with RAD17. LOF mutations associated with ataxia telangiectasia, causing progressive loss of motor control (ataxia), dilation of superficial blood vessels (telangiectasia), cancer and immune deficiency. Approximately 30% of cases develop tumors, mostly lymphomas and leukemias, due to defects in DNA damage repair. Somatic mutations seen in leukemias and lymphomas.

Protein type: EC 2.7.11.1; Protein kinase, atypical; Protein kinase, Ser/Thr (non-receptor); Kinase, protein; DNA repair, damage; Tumor suppressor; ATYPICAL group; PIKK family

Chromosomal Location of Human Ortholog: 11q22-q23

Cellular Component: nucleoplasm; chromosome, telomeric region; cytoplasmic membrane-bound vesicle; spindle

Molecular Function: protein dimerization activity; protein serine/threonine kinase activity; protein binding; DNA binding; 1-phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase activity; protein complex binding; protein N-terminus binding; DNA-dependent protein kinase activity; histone serine kinase activity; ATP binding

Biological Process: lipoprotein catabolic process; DNA damage induced protein phosphorylation; positive regulation of apoptosis; heart development; protein amino acid autophosphorylation; pre-B cell allelic exclusion; negative regulation of B cell proliferation; signal transduction; protein amino acid phosphorylation; DNA damage response, signal transduction by p53 class mediator resulting in cell cycle arrest; positive regulation of neuron apoptosis; double-strand break repair; mitotic cell cycle spindle assembly checkpoint; cell cycle arrest; telomere maintenance; somitogenesis; V(D)J recombination; DNA repair; double-strand break repair via homologous recombination; neuron apoptosis; peptidyl-serine phosphorylation; DNA damage response, signal transduction resulting in induction of apoptosis; meiotic recombination; response to hypoxia; positive regulation of DNA damage response, signal transduction by p53 class mediator; response to ionizing radiation; brain development; response to DNA damage stimulus; oocyte development

Disease: Breast Cancer; Ataxia-telangiectasia