SPG21 Antibody – Mouse Monoclonal

The protein encoded by this gene binds to the hydrophobic C-terminal amino acids of CD4 which are involved in repression of T cell activation. The interaction with CD4 is mediated by the noncatalytic alpha/beta hydrolase fold domain of this protein. It is thus proposed that this gene product modulates the stimulatory activity of CD4. Mutations in this gene are associated with autosomal recessive spastic paraplegia 21 (SPG21), also known as mast syndrome. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants. [provided by RefSeq, Aug 2014]

SPG21: May play a role as a negative regulatory factor in CD4- dependent T-cell activation. Defects in SPG21 are the cause of spastic paraplegia autosomal recessive type 21 (SPG21); also known as Mast syndrome. Spastic paraplegia is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by a slow, gradual, progressive weakness and spasticity of the lower limbs. Rate of progression and the severity of symptoms are quite variable. Initial symptoms may include difficulty with balance, weakness and stiffness in the legs, muscle spasms, and dragging the toes when walking. In some forms of the disorder, bladder symptoms (such as incontinence) may appear, or the weakness and stiffness may spread to other parts of the body. SPG21 is associated with dementia and other central nervous system abnormalities. Subtle childhood abnormalities may be present, but the main features develop in early adulthood. The disease is slowly progressive, and cerebellar and extrapyramidal signs are also found in patients with advanced disease. Patients have a thin corpus callosum and white-matter abnormalities. Belongs to the AB hydrolase superfamily. 2 isoforms of the human protein are produced by alternative splicing.

Protein type: Unknown function

Chromosomal Location of Human Ortholog: 15q22.31

Cellular Component: nucleoplasm; trans-Golgi network transport vesicle; cytoplasm; endosome membrane; nucleus; cytosol

Molecular Function: protein binding; CD4 receptor binding

Biological Process: antigen receptor-mediated signaling pathway

Disease: Mast Syndrome