ARID1B Antibody – Mouse Monoclonal

This locus encodes an AT-rich DNA interacting domain-containing protein. The encoded protein is a component of the SWI/SNF chromatin remodeling complex and may play a role in cell-cycle activation. The protein encoded by this locus is similar to AT-rich interactive domain-containing protein 1A. These two proteins function as alternative, mutually exclusive ARID-subunits of the SWI/SNF complex. The associated complexes play opposing roles. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants. [provided by RefSeq, Oct 2016]

ARID1B: Involved in transcriptional activation and repression of select genes by chromatin remodeling (alteration of DNA-nucleosome topology). Belongs to the neural progenitors-specific chromatin remodeling complex (npBAF complex) and the neuron-specific chromatin remodeling complex (nBAF complex). During neural development a switch from a stem/progenitor to a post-mitotic chromatin remodeling mechanism occurs as neurons exit the cell cycle and become committed to their adult state. The transition from proliferating neural stem/progenitor cells to post-mitotic neurons requires a switch in subunit composition of the npBAF and nBAF complexes. As neural progenitors exit mitosis and differentiate into neurons, npBAF complexes which contain ACTL6A/BAF53A and PHF10/BAF45A, are exchanged for homologous alternative ACTL6B/BAF53B and DPF1/BAF45B or DPF3/BAF45C subunits in neuron-specific complexes (nBAF). The npBAF complex is essential for the self-renewal/proliferative capacity of the multipotent neural stem cells. The nBAF complex along with CREST plays a role regulating the activity of genes essential for dendrite growth. Binds DNA non-specifically. Defects in ARID1B are the cause of mental retardation autosomal dominant type 12 (MRD12). A disorder characterized by significantly below average general intellectual functioning associated with impairments in adaptative behavior and manifested during the developmental period. MRD12 patients present with moderate to severe psychomotor retardation, and most show evidence of muscular hypotonia. In many patients, expressive speech is more severely affected than receptive function. Additional common findings include short stature, abnormal head shape and low-set, posteriorly rotated, and abnormally shaped ears, downslanting palpebral fissures, a bulbous nasal tip, a thin upper lip, minor teeth anomalies, and brachydactyly or single palmar creases. Autistic features are uncommon. 4 isoforms of the human protein are produced by alternative splicing.

Protein type: Nuclear receptor co-regulator; DNA-binding

Chromosomal Location of Human Ortholog: 6q25.1

Cellular Component: nucleoplasm; SWI/SNF complex; cytoplasm

Molecular Function: protein binding; DNA binding; transcription coactivator activity

Biological Process: nervous system development; transcription, DNA-dependent; chromatin-mediated maintenance of transcription

Disease: Mental Retardation, Autosomal Dominant 12