GluR2 Antibody – Mouse Monoclonal

Glutamate receptors are the predominant excitatory neurotransmitter receptors in the mammalian brain and are activated in a variety of normal neurophysiologic processes. This gene product belongs to a family of glutamate receptors that are sensitive to alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazole propionate (AMPA), and function as ligand-activated cation channels. These channels are assembled from 4 related subunits, GRIA1-4. The subunit encoded by this gene (GRIA2) is subject to RNA editing (CAG->CGG; Q->R) within the second transmembrane domain, which is thought to render the channel impermeable to Ca(2+). Human and animal studies suggest that pre-mRNA editing is essential for brain function, and defective GRIA2 RNA editing at the Q/R site may be relevant to amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) etiology. Alternative splicing, resulting in transcript variants encoding different isoforms, (including the flip and flop isoforms that vary in their signal transduction properties), has been noted for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

GluR2: an integral membrane protein belonging to the glutamate-gated ion channel family. L-glutamate (Glu) acts as an excitatory neurotransmitter at many synapses in the central nervous system. Glutamate receptors are heteromeric protein complexes with multiple subunits, each possessing transmembrane regions, and all arranged to form a ligand-gated ion channel. The postsynaptic actions of Glu are mediated by a variety of receptors that are named according to their selective agonists. This receptor binds AMPA(quisqualate) > glutamate > kainate. Each of the four GluR proteins (GRIA1-4) include flip and flop isoforms generated by alternative RNA splicing.

Protein type: Membrane protein, multi-pass; Channel, ligand-gated; Channel, calcium; Membrane protein, integral

Chromosomal Location of Human Ortholog: 4q32.1

Cellular Component: postsynaptic membrane; synaptic vesicle; endoplasmic reticulum membrane; integral to plasma membrane; dendrite; plasma membrane; cell junction

Molecular Function: protein binding; extracellular-glutamate-gated ion channel activity; ionotropic glutamate receptor activity; alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazole propionate selective glutamate receptor activity

Biological Process: synaptic transmission; synaptic transmission, glutamatergic; ionotropic glutamate receptor signaling pathway; signal transduction