ATXN7 Antibody – Mouse Monoclonal

The autosomal dominant cerebellar ataxias (ADCA) are a heterogeneous group of neurodegenerative disorders characterized by progressive degeneration of the cerebellum, brain stem and spinal cord. Clinically, ADCA has been divided into three groups: ADCA types I-III. ADCAI is genetically heterogeneous, with five genetic loci, designated spinocerebellar ataxia (SCA) 1, 2, 3, 4 and 6, being assigned to five different chromosomes. ADCAII, which always presents with retinal degeneration (SCA7), and ADCAIII often referred to as the 'pure' cerebellar syndrome (SCA5), are most likely homogeneous disorders. Several SCA genes have been cloned and shown to contain CAG repeats in their coding regions. ADCA is caused by the expansion of the CAG repeats, producing an elongated polyglutamine tract in the corresponding protein. The expanded repeats are variable in size and unstable, usually increasing in size when transmitted to successive generations. This locus has been mapped to chromosome 3, and it has been determined that the diseased allele associated with spinocerebellar ataxia-7 contains 38-130 CAG repeats (near the N-terminus), compared to 7-17 in the normal allele. The encoded protein is a component of the SPT3/TAF9/GCN5 acetyltransferase (STAGA) and TBP-free TAF-containing (TFTC) chromatin remodeling complexes, and it thus plays a role in transcriptional regulation. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants. [provided by RefSeq]

ataxin-7: Acts as component of the STAGA transcription coactivator-HAT complex. Mediates the interaction of STAGA complex with the CRX and is involved in CRX-dependent gene activation. Necessary for microtubule cytoskeleton stabilization. Defects in ATXN7 are the cause of spinocerebellar ataxia type 7 (SCA7); also known as olivopontocerebellar atrophy III (OPCA III or OPCA3) or olivopontocerebellar atrophy with retinal degeneration. Spinocerebellar ataxia is a clinically and genetically heterogeneous group of cerebellar disorders. Patients show progressive incoordination of gait and often poor coordination of hands, speech and eye movements, due to degeneration of the cerebellum with variable involvement of the brainstem and spinal cord. SCA7 belongs to the autosomal dominant cerebellar ataxias type II (ADCA II) which are characterized by cerebellar ataxia with retinal degeneration and pigmentary macular dystrophy. Belongs to the ataxin-7 family. 2 isoforms of the human protein are produced by alternative splicing.

Protein type: Nucleolus; Transcription regulation

Chromosomal Location of Human Ortholog: 3p21.1-p12

Cellular Component: nucleoplasm; microtubule cytoskeleton; nuclear matrix; cytoplasm; nucleolus; nucleus

Molecular Function: protein binding; chromatin binding

Biological Process: establishment and/or maintenance of chromatin architecture; visual perception; transcription, DNA-dependent; negative regulation of insulin-like growth factor receptor signaling pathway; negative regulation of phosphorylation; positive regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter; microtubule cytoskeleton organization and biogenesis; nuclear organization and biogenesis; histone deubiquitination

Disease: Spinocerebellar Ataxia 7