D-Amino Acid Oxidase (DAO) Recombinant Protein

This gene encodes the peroxisomal enzyme D-amino acid oxidase. The enzyme is a flavoprotein which uses flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD) as its prosthetic group. Its substrates include a wide variety of D-amino acids, but it is inactive on the naturally occurring L-amino acids. Its biological function is not known; it may act as a detoxifying agent which removes D-amino acids that accumulate during aging. In mice, it degrades D-serine, a co-agonist of the NMDA receptor. This gene may play a role in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

DAO: Regulates the level of the neuromodulator D-serine in the brain. Has high activity towards D-DOPA and contributes to dopamine synthesis. Could act as a detoxifying agent which removes D-amino acids accumulated during aging. Acts on a variety of D- amino acids with a preference for those having small hydrophobic side chains followed by those bearing polar, aromatic, and basic groups. Does not act on acidic amino acids. Belongs to the DAMOX/DASOX family.

Protein type: Oxidoreductase; Amino Acid Metabolism - glycine, serine and threonine; Amino Acid Metabolism - arginine and proline; Other Amino Acids Metabolism - D-Arginine and D-ornithine; EC 1.4.3.3

Chromosomal Location of Human Ortholog: 12q24

Cellular Component: peroxisomal membrane; peroxisomal matrix; mitochondrial outer membrane; peroxisome; cytosol

Molecular Function: protein dimerization activity; protein binding; cofactor binding; D-amino-acid oxidase activity; receptor binding

Biological Process: proline catabolic process; glyoxylate metabolic process; dopamine biosynthetic process; leucine metabolic process

Disease: Schizophrenia