KRT17 Antibody – Rabbit Polyclonal

Function: May play a role in the formation and maintenance of various skin appendages, specifically in determining shape and orientation of hair. May be a marker of basal cell differentiation in complex epithelia and therefore indicative of a certain type of epithelial "stem cells". May act as an autoantigen in the immunopathogenesis of psoriasis, with certain peptide regions being a major target for autoreactive T-cells and hence causing their proliferation. Required for the correct growth of hair follicles, in particular for the persistence of the anagen (growth) state. Modulates the function of TNF-alpha in the specific context of hair cycling. Regulates protein synthesis and epithelial cell growth through binding to the adapter protein SFN and by stimulating Akt/mTOR pathway. Involved in tissue repair

By similarity. Ref.10 Ref.11 Ref.14

Subunit structure: Heterodimer of a type I and a type II keratin. KRT17 associates with KRT6 isomers. Interacts with TRADD and SFN

By similarity.

Subcellular location: Cytoplasm

By similarity.

Tissue specificity: Expressed in the outer root sheath and medulla region of hair follicle specifically from eyebrow and beard, digital pulp, nail matrix and nail bed epithelium, mucosal stratified squamous epithelia and in basal cells of oral epithelium, palmoplantar epidermis and sweat and mammary glands. Also expressed in myoepithelium of prostate, basal layer of urinary bladder, cambial cells of sebaceous gland and in exocervix (at protein level). Ref.1 Ref.8 Ref.9 Ref.10

Induction: Induced in damaged or stressed epidermis. Induced by the cytokines interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) and transforming growth factor-alpha (TGF-alpha), and by the potent NF-kappa B inhibitor compounds Bay 11-7082 and Bay 11-7085. Down-regulated by the drug Imatinib. Ref.2 Ref.11 Ref.12 Ref.14

Post-translational modification: Phosphorylation at Ser-44 occurs in a growth- and stress-dependent fashion in skin keratinocytes, it has no effect on filament organization.

Involvement in disease: Pachyonychia congenita 2 (PC2) [MIM:167210]: An autosomal dominant ectodermal dysplasia characterized by hypertrophic nail dystrophy resulting in onchyogryposis (thickening and increase in curvature of the nail), palmoplantar keratoderma and hyperhidrosis, follicular hyperkeratosis, multiple epidermal cysts, absent/sparse eyebrow and body hair, and by the presence of natal teeth.Note: The disease is caused by mutations affecting the gene represented in this entry. Ref.4 Ref.6 Ref.20 Ref.21 Ref.22 Ref.23 Ref.24 Ref.25 Ref.26 Ref.27 Ref.28Steatocystoma multiplex (SM) [MIM:184500]: Disease characterized by round or oval cystic tumors widely distributed on the back, anterior trunk, arms, scrotum, and thighs.Note: The disease is caused by mutations affecting the gene represented in this entry. Ref.20 Ref.21 Ref.28KRT16 and KRT17 are coexpressed only in pathological situations such as metaplasias and carcinomas of the uterine cervix and in psoriasis vulgaris.

Miscellaneous: There are two types of cytoskeletal and microfibrillar keratin: I (acidic; 40-55 kDa) and II (neutral to basic; 56-70 kDa).

Sequence similarities: Belongs to the intermediate filament family.

Sequence caution: The sequence AAH72018.1 differs from that shown. Reason: Frameshift at position 109.