PLOD2 Antibody – Rabbit Polyclonal

The protein encoded by this gene is a membrane-bound homodimeric enzyme that is localized to the cisternae of the rough endoplasmic reticulum. The enzyme (cofactors iron and ascorbate) catalyzes the hydroxylation of lysyl residues in collagen-like peptides. The resultant hydroxylysyl groups are attachment sites for carbohydrates in collagen and thus are critical for the stability of intermolecular crosslinks. Some patients with Ehlers-Danlos syndrome type VIB have deficiencies in lysyl hydroxylase activity. Mutations in the coding region of this gene are associated with Bruck syndrome. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants encoding different isoforms. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

Function: Forms hydroxylysine residues in -Xaa-Lys-Gly- sequences in collagens. These hydroxylysines serve as sites of attachment for carbohydrate units and are essential for the stability of the intermolecular collagen cross-links.

Catalytic activity: L-lysine-[procollagen] + 2-oxoglutarate + O2 = (2S,5R)-5-hydroxy-L-lysine-[procollagen] + succinate + CO2.

Cofactor: Iron

By similarity.Ascorbate

By similarity.

Subunit structure: Homodimer

By similarity.

Subcellular location: Rough endoplasmic reticulum membrane; Peripheral membrane protein; Lumenal side.

Tissue specificity: Highly expressed in pancreas and muscle. Isoform 1 and isoform 2 are expressed in the majority of the examined cell types. Isoform 2 is specifically expressed in skin, lung, dura and aorta. Ref.4

Involvement in disease: Bruck syndrome 2 (BRKS2) [MIM:609220]: An autosomal recessive disease characterized by generalized osteopenia, congenital joint contractures, fragile bones with onset of fractures in infancy or early childhood, short stature, severe limb deformity, progressive scoliosis, and pterygia. It is distinguished from osteogenesis imperfecta by the absence of hearing loss and dentinogenesis imperfecta, and by the presence of clubfoot and congenital joint limitations.Note: The disease is caused by mutations affecting the gene represented in this entry. The molecular defect leading to Bruck syndrome is an aberrant cross-linking of bone collagen, due to underhydroxylation of lysine residues within the telopeptides of type I collagen, whereas the lysine residues in the triple helix are normal. Ref.9 Ref.10PLOD2 mutations give rise to a broad variety of phenotypes with variable degrees of severity of bone fragility and joint contractures. Disease-associated mutations have been found in patients with autosomal recessive osteogenesis imperfecta (AR-OI) (Ref.11).

Sequence similarities: Contains 1 Fe2OG dioxygenase domain.

Sequence caution: The sequence BAD93116.1 differs from that shown. Reason: Erroneous initiation. Translation N-terminally shortened.