PAF1 Antibody – Rabbit Polyclonal

This gene encodes a subunit of the polymerase associated factor (PAF1) complex. The PAF1 complex interacts with RNA polymerase II and plays a role in transcription elongation as well as histone modifications including ubiquitylation and methylation. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding multiple isoforms have been observed for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Feb 2012]

Function: Component of the PAF1 complex (PAF1C) which has multiple functions during transcription by RNA polymerase II and is implicated in regulation of development and maintenance of embryonic stem cell pluripotency. PAF1C associates with RNA polymerase II through interaction with POLR2A CTD non-phosphorylated and 'Ser-2'- and 'Ser-5'-phosphorylated forms and is involved in transcriptional elongation, acting both indepentently and synergistically with TCEA1 and in cooperation with the DSIF complex and HTATSF1. PAF1C is required for transcription of Hox and Wnt target genes. PAF1C is involved in hematopoiesis and stimulates transcriptional activity of KMT2A/MLL1; it promotes leukemogenesis through association with KMT2A/MLL1-rearranged oncoproteins, such as KMT2A/MLL1-MLLT3/AF9 and KMT2A/MLL1-MLLT1/ENL. PAF1C is involved in histone modifications such as ubiquitination of histone H2B and methylation on histone H3 'Lys-4' (H3K4me3). PAF1C recruits the RNF20/40 E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase complex and the E2 enzyme UBE2A or UBE2B to chromatin which mediate monoubiquitination of 'Lys-120' of histone H2B (H2BK120ub1); UB2A/B-mediated H2B ubiquitination is proposed to be coupled to transcription. PAF1C is involved in mRNA 3' end formation probably through association with cleavage and poly(A) factors. In case of infection by influenza A strain H3N2, PAF1C associates with viral NS1 protein, thereby regulating gene transcription. Connects PAF1C with the RNF20/40 E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase complex. Involved in polyadenylation of mRNA precursors. Has oncogenic activity in vivo and in vitro. Ref.1 Ref.10 Ref.11 Ref.12 Ref.13 Ref.16 Ref.17

Subunit structure: Component of the PAF1 complex, which consists of CDC73, PAF1, LEO1, CTR9, RTF1 and WDR61. Interacts with POLR2A, TCEA1, TTC37, KMT2A/MLL1, SUPT5H, RNF20 and RNF40. Interacts with UBE2E1. Interacts with influenza A strain H3N2 NS1 protein; the interaction interferes with host cell gene transcription, specifically with that of antiviral genes. Ref.1 Ref.6 Ref.7 Ref.8 Ref.10 Ref.11 Ref.12 Ref.13 Ref.17

Subcellular location: Nucleus. Note: Punctuate distribution throughout the nucleus except in nucleoli and the perinuclear chromatin. Ref.1

Sequence similarities: Belongs to the PAF1 family.

Sequence caution: The sequence AAC25503.1 differs from that shown. Reason: Erroneous gene model prediction. The sequence EAW56880.1 differs from that shown. Reason: Erroneous gene model prediction. The sequence EAW56881.1 differs from that shown. Reason: Erroneous gene model prediction.