GABARAPL1 Antibody – Rabbit Polyclonal

Function: Ubiquitin-like modifier that increases cell-surface expression of kappa-type opioid receptor through facilitating anterograde intracellular trafficking of the receptor. Involved in formation of autophagosomal vacuoles. Whereas LC3s are involved in elongation of the phagophore membrane, the GABARAP/GATE-16 subfamily is essential for a later stage in autophagosome maturation. Ref.10 Ref.12

Subunit structure: Interacts with GABRG2 and beta-tubulin

By similarity. Interacts with ATG13, OPRK1, RB1CC1 and ULK1. Interacts with TP53INP1 and TP53INP2. Directly interacts with SQSTM1. Interacts with ATG3, ATG7 and MAP15. Interacts with TECPR2. Ref.10 Ref.11 Ref.13 Ref.15 Ref.16 Ref.17

Subcellular location: Cytoplasm › cytoskeleton. Cytoplasmic vesicle membrane; Lipid-anchor. Endoplasmic reticulum

By similarity. Golgi apparatus

By similarity. Cytoplasmic vesicle › autophagosome Ref.11 Ref.12 Ref.19.

Tissue specificity: Ubiquitous. Expressed at very high levels in the brain, heart, peripheral blood leukocytes, liver, kidney, placenta and skeletal muscle. Expressed at very low levels in thymus and small intestine. In the brain, expression is particularly intense in motoneurons in the embryo and in neurons involved in somatomotor and neuroendocrine functions in the adult, particularly in the substantia nigra pars compacta. Ref.1 Ref.2 Ref.19

Post-translational modification: The precursor molecule is cleaved by ATG4B to form the cytosolic form, GABARAPL1-I. This is activated by APG7L/ATG7, transferred to ATG3 and conjugated to phospholipid to form the membrane-bound form, GABARAPL1-II

By similarity. ATG4B also mediates the delipidation required for GABARAPL1 recycling when autophagosomes fuse with lysosomes. Ref.12The Legionella effector RavZ is a deconjugating enzyme that produces an ATG8 product that would be resistant to reconjugation by the host machinery due to the cleavage of the reactive C-terminal glycine.

Sequence similarities: Belongs to the ATG8 family.