Plasminogen (PLG) Antibody – Monoclonal

The protein encoded by this gene is a secreted blood zymogen that is activated by proteolysis and converted to plasmin and angiostatin. Plasmin dissolves fibrin in blood clots and is an important protease in many other cellular processes while angiostatin inhibits angiogenesis. Defects in this gene are likely a cause of thrombophilia and ligneous conjunctivitis. Two transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene.[provided by RefSeq, Dec 2009]

Plasminogen: Plasmin dissolves the fibrin of blood clots and acts as a proteolytic factor in a variety of other processes including embryonic development, tissue remodeling, tumor invasion, and inflammation. In ovulation, weakens the walls of the Graafian follicle. It activates the urokinase-type plasminogen activator, collagenases and several complement zymogens, such as C1 and C5. Cleavage of fibronectin and laminin leads to cell detachment and apoptosis. Also cleaves fibrin, thrombospondin and von Willebrand factor. Its role in tissue remodeling and tumor invasion may be modulated by CSPG4. Binds to cells. Defects in PLG are the cause of plasminogen deficiency (PLGD). PLGD is characterized by decreased serum plasminogen activity. Two forms of the disorder are distinguished: type 1 deficiency is additionally characterized by decreased plasminogen antigen levels and clinical symptoms, whereas type 2 deficiency, also known as dysplasminogenemia, is characterized by normal, or slightly reduced antigen levels, and absence of clinical manifestations. Plasminogen deficiency type 1 results in markedly impaired extracellular fibrinolysis and chronic mucosal pseudomembranous lesions due to subepithelial fibrin deposition and inflammation. The most common clinical manifestation of type 1 deficiency is ligneous conjunctivitis in which pseudomembranes formation on the palpebral surfaces of the eye progresses to white, yellow-white, or red thick masses with a wood-like consistency that replace the normal mucosa. Belongs to the peptidase S1 family. Plasminogen subfamily.

Protein type: Protease; EC 3.4.21.7; Secreted, signal peptide; Motility/polarity/chemotaxis; Secreted

Chromosomal Location of Human Ortholog: 6q26

Cellular Component: extracellular space; cell surface; extrinsic to external side of plasma membrane; plasma membrane; extracellular region

Molecular Function: protein domain specific binding; protein binding; serine-type peptidase activity; serine-type endopeptidase activity; apolipoprotein binding; receptor binding

Biological Process: platelet activation; extracellular matrix organization and biogenesis; tissue remodeling; muscle maintenance; myoblast differentiation; negative regulation of cell proliferation; extracellular matrix disassembly; fibrinolysis; cellular protein metabolic process; platelet degranulation; negative regulation of fibrinolysis; proteolysis involved in cellular protein catabolic process; tissue regeneration; positive regulation of fibrinolysis; blood coagulation; transmembrane transport

Disease: Plasminogen Deficiency, Type I