NOX4 Antibody – Mouse Monoclonal

This gene encodes a member of the NOX-family of enzymes that functions as the catalytic subunit the NADPH oxidase complex. The encoded protein is localized to non-phagocytic cells where it acts as an oxygen sensor and catalyzes the reduction of molecular oxygen to various reactive oxygen species (ROS). The ROS generated by this protein have been implicated in numerous biological functions including signal transduction, cell differentiation and tumor cell growth. A pseudogene has been identified on the other arm of chromosome 11. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants.[provided by RefSeq, Jan 2009]

NOX4: Constitutive NADPH oxidase which generates superoxide intracellularly upon formation of a complex with CYBA/p22phox. Regulates signaling cascades probably through phosphatases inhibition. May function as an oxygen sensor regulating the KCNK3/TASK-1 potassium channel and HIF1A activity. May regulate insulin signaling cascade. May play a role in apoptosis, bone resorption and lipolysaccharide-mediated activation of NFKB. May produce superoxide in the nucleus and play a role in regulating gene expression upon cell stimulation. Isoform 3 is not functional. Isoform 4 displays an increased activity. Isoform 5 and isoform 6 display reduced activity. 7 isoforms of the human protein are produced by alternative splicing.

Protein type: Cell cycle regulation; Membrane protein, multi-pass; Membrane protein, integral; EC 1.6.3.-; Nucleolus; Oxidoreductase

Chromosomal Location of Human Ortholog: 11q14.2-q21

Cellular Component: apical plasma membrane; endoplasmic reticulum membrane; focal adhesion; integral to membrane; mitochondrion; NADPH oxidase complex; nucleolus; perinuclear region of cytoplasm; stress fiber

Molecular Function: electron carrier activity; FAD binding; heme binding; NAD(P)H oxidase activity; nucleotide binding; oxygen sensor activity; protein binding; superoxide-generating NADPH oxidase activity

Biological Process: bone resorption; cardiac muscle cell differentiation; cell aging; cell morphogenesis; gene expression; homocysteine metabolic process; inflammatory response; negative regulation of cell proliferation; positive regulation of apoptosis; positive regulation of MAP kinase activity; positive regulation of protein kinase B signaling cascade; positive regulation of smooth muscle cell migration; positive regulation of stress fiber formation; response to hypoxia; response to reactive oxygen species; superoxide metabolic process; superoxide release