TLR9 Antibody – Rabbit Polyclonal

TLR9: Key component of innate and adaptive immunity. TLRs (Toll-like receptors) control host immune response against pathogens through recognition of molecular patterns specific to microorganisms. TLR9 is a nucleotide-sensing TLR which is activated by unmethylated cytidine-phosphate-guanosine (CpG) dinucleotides. Acts via MYD88 and TRAF6, leading to NF-kappa-B activation, cytokine secretion and the inflammatory response. Controls lymphocyte response to Helicobacter infection. Interacts with MYD88 via their respective TIR domains. Interacts (via transmembrane domain) with UNC93B1. Interacts with CD300LH; the interaction may promote full activation of TLR9-triggered innate responses. Interacts with BTK. Interacts with CNPY3 and HSP90B1; this interaction is required for proper folding in the endoplasmic reticulum. Highly expressed in spleen, lymph node, tonsil and peripheral blood leukocytes, especially in plasmacytoid pre- dendritic cells. Levels are much lower in monocytes and CD11c+ immature dendritic cells. Also detected in lung and liver. Belongs to the Toll-like receptor family. 5 isoforms of the human protein are produced by alternative splicing.

Protein type: Membrane protein, integral; Receptor, misc.

Chromosomal Location of Human Ortholog: 9|9 F1

Cellular Component: apical plasma membrane; basolateral plasma membrane; cytoplasm; endoplasmic reticulum; endosome; lysosome; plasma membrane

Molecular Function: interleukin-1 receptor binding; protein binding; siRNA binding; unmethylated CpG binding

Biological Process: activation of NF-kappaB transcription factor; defense response to Gram-negative bacterium; defense response to virus; I-kappaB phosphorylation; immune response; inhibition of NF-kappaB transcription factor; innate immune response; maintenance of gastrointestinal epithelium; microglial cell activation; negative regulation of interleukin-6 production; negative regulation of interleukin-8 production; negative regulation of toll-like receptor signaling pathway; positive regulation of autophagy; positive regulation of chemokine production; positive regulation of granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor production; positive regulation of I-kappaB kinase/NF-kappaB cascade; positive regulation of interferon-alpha biosynthetic process; positive regulation of interferon-beta biosynthetic process; positive regulation of interferon-beta production; positive regulation of interferon-gamma biosynthetic process; positive regulation of interleukin-10 production; positive regulation of interleukin-12 production; positive regulation of interleukin-18 production; positive regulation of interleukin-6 production; positive regulation of interleukin-8 production; positive regulation of JNK activity; positive regulation of NF-kappaB import into nucleus; positive regulation of nitric-oxide synthase biosynthetic process; positive regulation of toll-like receptor signaling pathway; positive regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter; positive regulation of tumor necrosis factor production; regulation of B cell activation; regulation of dendritic cell cytokine production; regulation of inflammatory response; regulation of protein amino acid phosphorylation; response to molecule of bacterial origin; response to virus; toll-like receptor signaling pathway; tumor necrosis factor production