PD-L1 Antibody – Rat Monoclonal

The protein encoded by this gene is an immune inhibitory receptor ligand that is expressed by hematopoietic and non-hematopoietic cells, such as T cells and B cells and various types of tumor cells. The encoded protein is a type I transmembrane protein that has immunoglobulin V-like and C-like domains. Interaction of this ligand with its receptor inhibits T-cell activation and cytokine production. During infection or inflammation of normal tissue, this interaction is important for preventing autoimmunity by maintaining homeostasis of the immune response. In tumor microenvironments, this interaction provides an immune escape for tumor cells through cytotoxic T-cell inactivation. Mice deficient for this gene display a variety of phenotypes including decreased allogeneic fetal survival rates and severe experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. [provided by RefSeq, Sep 2015]

Plays a critical role in induction and maintenance of immune tolerance to self. As a ligand for the inhibitory receptor PDCD1, modulates the activation threshold of T-cells and limits T-cell effector response (PubMed:11238124). The PDCD1-mediated inhibitory pathway is exploited by tumors to attenuate anti-tumor immunity and facilitate tumor survival (). May costimulate helper T-cell subsets through a yet unknown activating receptor (PubMed:11015443, PubMed:12719480).