Enolase (eno) Enzyme

Function: Catalyzes the reversible conversion of 2-phosphoglycerate into phosphoenolpyruvate. It is essential for the degradation of carbohydrates via glycolysis. It is also a component of the RNA degradosome, a multi-enzyme complex involved in RNA processing and messenger RNA degradation. Its interaction with RNase E is important for the turnover of mRNA, in particular on transcripts encoding enzymes of energy-generating metabolic routes. Its presence in the degradosome is required for the response to excess phosphosugar. May play a regulatory role in the degradation of specific RNAs, such as ptsG mRNA, therefore linking cellular metabolic status with post-translational gene regulation. Ref.5 Ref.10 Ref.11

Catalytic activity: 2-phospho-D-glycerate = phosphoenolpyruvate + H2O. HAMAP MF_00318

Cofactor: Magnesium. Required for catalysis and for stabilizing the dimer.

Enzyme regulation: The covalent binding to the substrate at Lys-342 causes inactivation of the enzyme, and possibly serves as a signal for the export of the protein. HAMAP MF_00318

Pathway: Carbohydrate degradation; glycolysis; pyruvate from D-glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate: step 4/5. HAMAP MF_00318

Subunit structure: Homodimer. Interacts with the C-terminal region of the endoribonuclease RNase E in the RNA degradosome. Ref.14

Subcellular location: Cytoplasm › cytoskeleton. Secreted. Cell surface. Note: Fractions of enolase are present in both the cytoplasm and on the cell surface. As part of the bacterial cytoskeleton in the cytoplasm, is organized as extended coiled structures that wind around the cell, from one cell pole to the other. When covalently bound to the substrate at Lys-342, the inactive enolase is secreted, and remains attached to the bacterial cell surface. Ref.12

Post-translational modification: Phosphorylated on serine residue(s). Ref.8

Sequence similarities: Belongs to the enolase family.