Leptin R (LEPR) Antibody – Mouse Monoclonal

The protein encoded by this gene belongs to the gp130 family of cytokine receptors that are known to stimulate gene transcription via activation of cytosolic STAT proteins. This protein is a receptor for leptin (an adipocyte-specific hormone that regulates body weight), and is involved in the regulation of fat metabolism, as well as in a novel hematopoietic pathway that is required for normal lymphopoiesis. Mutations in this gene have been associated with obesity and pituitary dysfunction. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been described for this gene. It is noteworthy that this gene and LEPROT gene (GeneID:54741) share the same promoter and the first 2 exons, however, encode distinct proteins (PMID:9207021).[provided by RefSeq, Nov 2010]

Function: Receptor for obesity factor (leptin). On ligand binding, mediates signaling through JAK2/STAT3. Involved in the regulation of fat metabolism and, in a hematopoietic pathway, required for normal lymphopoiesis. May play a role in reproduction. Can also mediate the ERK/FOS signaling pathway

By similarity.

Subunit structure: On leptin stimulation, homodimerizes. The phosphorylated receptor binds a number of SH2 domain-containing proteins such as STAT3, PTPN11, and SOCS3

By similarity. Interaction with SOCS3 inhibits LRb signaling

By similarity.

Subcellular location: Cell membrane; Single-pass type I membrane protein. Isoform E: Secreted

Probable.

Tissue specificity: Isoform A is expressed in fetal liver and in hematopoietic tissues and choroid plexus. In adults highest expression in heart, liver, small intestine, prostate and ovary. Low level in lung and kidney. Isoform B is highly expressed in hypothalamus.

Domain: The cytoplasmic domain may be essential for intracellular signal transduction by activation of JAK tyrosine kinase and STATs.The WSXWS motif appears to be necessary for proper protein folding and thereby efficient intracellular transport and cell-surface receptor binding.The box 1 motif is required for JAK interaction and/or activation.

Post-translational modification: On ligand binding, phosphorylated on two conserved C-terminal tyrosine residues (isoform B only) by JAK2. Tyr-986 is required for complete binding and activation of PTPN11, ERK/FOS activation and, for interaction with SOCS3

By similarity. Phosphorylation on Tyr-1141 is required for STAT3 binding/activation.

Involvement in disease: Leptin receptor deficiency (LEPRD) [MIM:614963]: A rare disease characterized by normal levels of serum leptin, hyperphagia and severe obesity from an early age. Additional features include alterations in immune function, and delayed puberty due to hypogonadotropic hypogonadism.Note: The disease is caused by mutations affecting the gene represented in this entry. Ref.6

Sequence similarities: Belongs to the type I cytokine receptor family. Type 2 subfamily.Contains 4 fibronectin type-III domains.Contains 1 Ig-like (immunoglobulin-like) domain.