CD31/PECAM-1 Antibody – Rat Monoclonal

Function: Cell adhesion molecule which is required for leukocyte transendothelial migration (TEM) under most inflammatory conditions. Tyr-679 plays a critical role in TEM and is required for efficient trafficking of PECAM1 to and from the lateral border recycling compartment (LBRC) and is also essential for the LBRC membrane to be targeted around migrating leukocytes. Prevents phagocyte ingestion of closely apposed viable cells by transmitting 'detachment' signals, and changes function on apoptosis, promoting tethering of dying cells to phagocytes (the encounter of a viable cell with a phagocyte via the homophilic interaction of PECAM1 on both cell surfaces leads to the viable cell's active repulsion from the phagocyte. During apoptosis, the inside-out signaling of PECAM1 is somehow disabled so that the apoptotic cell does not actively reject the phagocyte anymore. The lack of this repulsion signal together with the interaction of the eat-me signals and their respective receptors causes the attachment of the apoptotic cell to the phagocyte, thus triggering the process of engulfment). Modulates BDKRB2 activation

By similarity. Induces susceptibility to atherosclerosis. Ref.9

Subunit structure: Interacts with PTPN11; Tyr-702 is critical for PTPN11 recruitment. Forms a complex with BDKRB2 and GNAQ. Interacts with BDKRB2 and GNAQ

By similarity.

Subcellular location: Cell membrane; Single-pass type I membrane protein

By similarity. Cell membrane; Lipid-anchor

By similarity. Cell junction. Note: Localizes to the lateral border recycling compartment (LBRC) and recycles from the LBRC to the junction in resting endothelial cells

By similarity.

Tissue specificity: Isoform 1 and isoform 3 are expressed in lung and platelets. Ref.10

Domain: The Ig-like C2-type domains 2 and 3 contribute to formation of the complex with BDKRB2 and in regulation of its activity

By similarity.

Post-translational modification: Phosphorylated on Ser and Tyr residues after cellular activation. In endothelial cells Fyn mediates mechanical-force (stretch or pull) induced tyrosine phosphorylation

By similarity. Phosphorylated on tyrosine residues by FER and FES in response to FCER1 activation. Ref.7Palmitoylation by ZDHHC21 is necessary for cell surface expression in endothelial cells

By similarity.

Disruption phenotype: Mice show reduced atherosclerotic lesions. There is down-regulation of ICAM-1 in endothelial cells at the lesion periphery, and reduced disruption of Cx43 junctional staining at arterial branch points and in the descending aorta. Ref.9

Sequence similarities: Contains 6 Ig-like C2-type (immunoglobulin-like) domains.