FGF-2 Antibody – Rabbit Polyclonal

The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the fibroblast growth factor (FGF) family. FGF family members bind heparin and possess broad mitogenic and angiogenic activities. This protein has been implicated in diverse biological processes, such as limb and nervous system development, wound healing, and tumor growth. The mRNA for this gene contains multiple polyadenylation sites, and is alternatively translated from non-AUG (CUG) and AUG initiation codons, resulting in five different isoforms with distinct properties. The CUG-initiated isoforms are localized in the nucleus and are responsible for the intracrine effect, whereas, the AUG-initiated form is mostly cytosolic and is responsible for the paracrine and autocrine effects of this FGF. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

Function: Plays an important role in the regulation of cell survival, cell division, angiogenesis, cell differentiation and cell migration. Functions as potent mitogen in vitro. Ref.11 Ref.20

Subunit structure: Monomer. Homodimer. Interacts with FGFR1, FGFR2, FGFR3 and FGFR4. Affinity between fibroblast growth factors (FGFs) and their receptors is increased by heparan sulfate glycosaminoglycans that function as coreceptors. Interacts with CSPG4, FGFBP1 and TEC. Found in a complex with FGFBP1, FGF1 and FGF2. Ref.19 Ref.20 Ref.21 Ref.22 Ref.23 Ref.24 Ref.25

Subcellular location: Secreted. Nucleus. Note: Exported from cells by an endoplasmic reticulum (ER)/Golgi-independent mechanism. Unconventional secretion of FGF2 occurs by direct translocation across the plasma membrane. Binding of exogenous FGF2 to FGFR facilitates endocytosis followed by translocation of FGF2 across endosomal membrane into the cytosol. Nuclear import from the cytosol requires the classical nuclear import machinery, involving proteins KPNA1 and KPNB1, as well as CEP57. Ref.25 Ref.28

Tissue specificity: Expressed in granulosa and cumulus cells. Expressed in hepatocellular carcinoma cells, but not in non-cancerous liver tissue. Ref.11 Ref.18

Post-translational modification: Phosphorylation at Tyr-215 regulates FGF2 unconventional secretion.Several N-termini starting at positions 94, 125, 126, 132, 143 and 162 have been identified by direct sequencing.

Miscellaneous: This protein binds heparin more strongly than does aFGF.

Sequence similarities: Belongs to the heparin-binding growth factors family.

Biophysicochemical propertiespH dependence:Retains almost half of its activity after treatment at pH 2.0 for 3 hours at 20 degrees Celsius. Ref.11Temperature dependence:Inactivated after 3 minutes at 60 degrees Celsius or 1 minute at 80 degrees Celsius.

Sequence caution: The sequence AAA52448.1 differs from that shown. Reason: Frameshift at positions 25, 82, 98 and 133. The sequence AAB21432.2 differs from that shown. Reason: Frameshift at position 25. The sequence AAB21432.2 differs from that shown. Reason: Unusual initiator. The initiator methionine is coded by a non-canonical CTG leucine codon.The sequence ABO43041.1 differs from that shown. Reason: Erroneous initiation. Translation N-terminally extended.The sequence ABO43041.1 differs from that shown. Reason: Unusual initiator. The initiator methionine is coded by a non-canonical CTG leucine codon.The sequence CAA28027.1 differs from that shown. Reason: Frameshift at positions 25 and 102. The sequence CAA28027.1 differs from that shown. Reason: Unusual initiator. The initiator methionine is coded by a non-canonical CTG leucine codon.The sequence CAA73868.1 differs from that shown. Reason: Frameshift at position 25. The sequence CAA73868.1 differs from that shown. Reason: Unusual initiator. The initiator methionine is coded by a non-canonical CTG leucine codon.The sequence EAX05222.1 differs from that shown. Reason: Erroneous initiation. Translation N-terminally extended.The sequence EAX05222.1 differs from that shown. Reason: Unusual initiator. The initiator methionine is coded by a non-canonical CTG leucine codon.