MIP-3 alpha Antibody – Rabbit Polyclonal

This antimicrobial gene belongs to the subfamily of small cytokine CC genes. Cytokines are a family of secreted proteins involved in immunoregulatory and inflammatory processes. The CC cytokines are proteins characterized by two adjacent cysteines. The protein encoded by this gene displays chemotactic activity for lymphocytes and can repress proliferation of myeloid progenitors. Two transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Sep 2014]

Function: Chemotactic factor that attracts lymphocytes and, slightly, neutrophils, but not monocytes. Inhibits proliferation of myeloid progenitors in colony formation assays. May be involved in formation and function of the mucosal lymphoid tissues by attracting lymphocytes and dendritic cells towards epithelial cells. C-terminal processed forms have been shown to be equally chemotactically active for leukocytes. Possesses antibacterial activity E.coli 25922 and S.aureus 29213. Ref.8

Subunit structure: Binds to and activate CCR6.

Subcellular location: Secreted.

Tissue specificity: Expressed predominantly in the liver, lymph nodes, appendix, peripheral blood lymphocytes, and fetal lung. Low levels seen in thymus, prostate, testis, small intestine and colon.

Induction: By bacterial lipopolysaccharides (LPS), TNF and IFNG/IFN-gamma. Induced by phorbol myristate acetate (PMA) in U-937 cell line and bowes melanoma. Repressed by IL10/interleukin-10.

Post-translational modification: C-terminal processed forms which lack 1, 3 or 6 amino acids are produced by proteolytic cleavage after secretion from peripheral blood monocytes.

Sequence similarities: Belongs to the intercrine beta (chemokine CC) family.