FRP-1 Human Active Protein

SFRP1: Soluble frizzled-related proteins (sFRPS) function as modulators of Wnt signaling through direct interaction with Wnts. They have a role in regulating cell growth and differentiation in specific cell types. SFRP1 decreases intracellular beta-catenin levels. Has antiproliferative effects on vascular cells, in vitro and in vivo, and can induce, in vivo, an angiogenic response. In vascular cell cycle, delays the G1 phase and entry into the S phase. In kidney development, inhibits tubule formation and bud growth in metanephroi. Inhibits WNT1/WNT4-mediated TCF-dependent transcription. Interacts with WNT1, WNT2 and FRZD6. Interacts with WNT4 and WNT8. Down-regulated in colorectal and breast tumors. Up- regulated in uterine leiomyomas under high estrogenic conditions. Expression, in leiomyomal cells, also increased both under hypoxic and serum deprivation conditions. Widely expressed. Absent from lung, liver and peripheral blood leukocytes. Highest levels in heart and fetal kidney. Also expressed in testis, ovary, fetal brain and lung, leiomyomal cells, myometrial cells and vascular smooth muscle cells. Expressed in foreskin fibroblasts and in keratinocytes. Belongs to the secreted frizzled-related protein (sFRP) family.

Protein type: Secreted; Secreted, signal peptide

Chromosomal Location of Human Ortholog: 8p11.21

Cellular Component: cell surface; cytosol; extracellular matrix; extracellular region; extracellular space; integral to membrane; intracellular; plasma membrane; proteinaceous extracellular matrix

Molecular Function: cysteine-type endopeptidase activity; drug binding; frizzled binding; G-protein coupled receptor activity; heparin binding; identical protein binding; protein binding; Wnt receptor activity; Wnt-protein binding

Biological Process: cellular response to starvation; dorsal/ventral axis specification; hemopoietic progenitor cell differentiation; menstrual cycle phase; negative regulation of apoptosis; negative regulation of B cell differentiation; negative regulation of bone remodeling; negative regulation of cell growth; negative regulation of cell migration; negative regulation of cell proliferation; negative regulation of epithelial cell proliferation; negative regulation of fibroblast proliferation; negative regulation of insulin secretion; negative regulation of ossification; negative regulation of osteoblast proliferation; negative regulation of peptidyl-tyrosine phosphorylation; negative regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent; negative regulation of Wnt receptor signaling pathway; osteoblast differentiation; positive regulation of apoptosis; positive regulation of cell growth; positive regulation of cell proliferation; positive regulation of cell-matrix adhesion; positive regulation of epithelial cell proliferation; positive regulation of fat cell differentiation; positive regulation of focal adhesion formation; positive regulation of GTPase activity; positive regulation of smoothened signaling pathway; positive regulation of stress fiber formation; positive regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent; positive regulation of Wnt receptor signaling pathway; regulation of angiogenesis; response to drug; response to organic cyclic substance; Wnt receptor signaling pathway through beta-catenin