EPO Antibody – Rat Monoclonal

This gene encodes the glycoprotein hormone erythropoietin that regulates the production of red blood cells and biosynthesis of hemoglobin. The predominant expression of this gene shifts from the liver during fetal development to kidney in adults. A complete lack of the encoded protein causes embryonic lethal anemia in mice. The conditional inactivation of this gene in adult mice results in a chronic, normocytic and normochromic anemia. Transgenic mice expressing the human ortholog of this gene exhibit polycythemia. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants encoding different isoforms. [provided by RefSeq, Aug 2015]

EPO: Erythropoietin is the principal hormone involved in the regulation of erythrocyte differentiation and the maintenance of a physiological level of circulating erythrocyte mass. Genetic variation in EPO is associated with susceptbility to microvascular complications of diabetes type 2 (MVCD2). These are pathological conditions that develop in numerous tissues and organs as a consequence of diabetes mellitus. They include diabetic retinopathy, diabetic nephropathy leading to end-stage renal disease, and diabetic neuropathy. Diabetic retinopathy remains the major cause of new-onset blindness among diabetic adults. It is characterized by vascular permeability and increased tissue ischemia and angiogenesis. Belongs to the EPO/TPO family.

Protein type: Secreted; Secreted, signal peptide

Chromosomal Location of Human Ortholog: 5 G2|5 76.5 cM

Cellular Component: cell surface; extracellular space

Molecular Function: erythropoietin receptor binding; protein kinase activator activity

Biological Process: angiogenesis; apoptosis; cardiac muscle morphogensis; embryo implantation; erythrocyte differentiation; heart morphogenesis; hemoglobin biosynthetic process; negative regulation of apoptosis; negative regulation of myeloid cell apoptosis; negative regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter; peptidyl-serine phosphorylation; positive regulation of activated T cell proliferation; positive regulation of cell proliferation; positive regulation of DNA replication; positive regulation of neuron differentiation; positive regulation of protein kinase activity; positive regulation of Ras protein signal transduction; positive regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent; positive regulation of tyrosine phosphorylation of Stat5 protein; regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter; response to hypoxia; ventricular cardiac muscle morphogenesis