Stnf-Receptor Type I (sTNF) Human Active Protein

The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the TNF-receptor superfamily. This protein is one of the major receptors for the tumor necrosis factor-alpha. This receptor can activate NF-kappaB, mediate apoptosis, and function as a regulator of inflammation. Antiapoptotic protein BCL2-associated athanogene 4 (BAG4/SODD) and adaptor proteins TRADD and TRAF2 have been shown to interact with this receptor, and thus play regulatory roles in the signal transduction mediated by the receptor. Germline mutations of the extracellular domains of this receptor were found to be associated with the autosomal dominant periodic fever syndrome. The impaired receptor clearance is thought to be a mechanism of the disease. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

TNF-R1: Receptor for TNFSF2/TNF-alpha and homotrimeric TNFSF1/lymphotoxin-alpha. The adapter molecule FADD recruits caspase-8 to the activated receptor. The resulting death-inducing signaling complex (DISC) performs caspase-8 proteolytic activation which initiates the subsequent cascade of caspases (aspartate- specific cysteine proteases) mediating apoptosis. Contributes to the induction of non-cytocidal TNF effects including anti-viral state and activation of the acid sphingomyelinase. Binding of TNF to the extracellular domain leads to homotrimerization. The aggregated death domains provide a novel molecular interface that interacts specifically with the death domain of TRADD. Various TRADD-interacting proteins such as TRAFS, RIPK1 and possibly FADD, are recruited to the complex by their association with TRADD. This complex activates at least two distinct signaling cascades, apoptosis and NF-kappa-B signaling. Interacts with BAG4, BRE, FEM1B, GRB2, SQSTM1 and TRPC4AP. Interacts with HCV core protein. Interacts with human cytomegalovirus/HHV-5 protein UL138. 3 isoforms of the human protein are produced by alternative splicing.

Protein type: Receptor, cytokine; Membrane protein, integral

Chromosomal Location of Human Ortholog: 12p13.2

Cellular Component: extracellular space; cell surface; mitochondrion; integral to plasma membrane; extracellular region; cytosol; lipid raft; Golgi membrane; axon; plasma membrane; synapse; nucleus; receptor complex

Molecular Function: protein binding; tumor necrosis factor receptor activity; protease binding; protein complex binding; tumor necrosis factor binding

Biological Process: response to alkaloid; viral reproduction; protein heterooligomerization; response to lipopolysaccharide; tumor necrosis factor-mediated signaling pathway; positive regulation of neuron apoptosis; response to wounding; negative regulation of interleukin-6 production; tetrapyrrole metabolic process; inflammatory response; positive regulation of I-kappaB kinase/NF-kappaB cascade; positive regulation of protein import into nucleus, translocation; cytokine and chemokine mediated signaling pathway; positive regulation of tumor necrosis factor production; response to amino acid stimulus; prostaglandin metabolic process; positive regulation of angiogenesis; positive regulation of tyrosine phosphorylation of Stat1 protein; response to ethanol; induction of apoptosis via death domain receptors; DNA damage response, signal transduction resulting in induction of apoptosis; negative regulation of inflammatory response; defense response to bacterium; response to hypoxia; positive regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter; positive regulation of inflammatory response; negative regulation of apoptosis

Disease: Periodic Fever, Familial, Autosomal Dominant; Multiple Sclerosis, Susceptibility To, 5