Histone H3.3 (H3.3) Antibody – Rabbit Polyclonal

Histones are basic nuclear proteins that are responsible for the nucleosome structure of the chromosomal fiber in eukaryotes. Two molecules of each of the four core histones (H2A, H2B, H3, and H4) form an octamer, around which approximately 146 bp of DNA is wrapped in repeating units, called nucleosomes. The linker histone, H1, interacts with linker DNA between nucleosomes and functions in the compaction of chromatin into higher order structures. This gene contains introns and its mRNA is polyadenylated, unlike most histone genes. The protein encoded is a replication-independent member of the histone H3 family. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

H3F3A: Variant histone H3 which replaces conventional H3 in a wide range of nucleosomes in active genes. Constitutes the predominant form of histone H3 in non-dividing cells and is incorporated into chromatin independently of DNA synthesis. Deposited at sites of nucleosomal displacement throughout transcribed genes, suggesting that it represents an epigenetic imprint of transcriptionally active chromatin. Nucleosomes wrap and compact DNA into chromatin, limiting DNA accessibility to the cellular machineries which require DNA as a template. Histones thereby play a central role in transcription regulation, DNA repair, DNA replication and chromosomal stability. DNA accessibility is regulated via a complex set of post-translational modifications of histones, also called histone code, and nucleosome remodeling. The nucleosome is a histone octamer containing two molecules each of H2A, H2B, H3 and H4 assembled in one H3-H4 heterotetramer and two H2A-H2B heterodimers. The octamer wraps approximately 147 bp of DNA. Interacts with HIRA, a chaperone required for its incorporation into nucleosomes. Belongs to the histone H3 family.

Protein type: DNA-binding

Chromosomal Location of Human Ortholog: 1q42.12

Cellular Component: extracellular region; nuclear chromosome; nuclear chromosome, telomeric region; nucleoplasm; nucleosome; nucleus; protein complex

Molecular Function: histone binding; nucleosomal DNA binding; protein binding; protein heterodimerization activity

Biological Process: blood coagulation; brain development; cellular protein metabolic process; chromatin silencing at rDNA; DNA methylation on cytosine; DNA replication-independent nucleosome assembly; gene expression; negative regulation of gene expression, epigenetic; nucleosome assembly; positive regulation of cell growth; positive regulation of gene expression, epigenetic; regulation of gene expression, epigenetic; response to hormone stimulus; RNA-mediated gene silencing; small GTPase mediated signal transduction; telomere organization and biogenesis