Rho Guanine Nucleotide Exchange Factor 18 (ARHGEF18) Antibody – Rabbit Polyclonal

Rho GTPases are GTP binding proteins that regulate a wide spectrum of cellular functions. These cellular processes include cytoskeletal rearrangements, gene transcription, cell growth and motility. Activation of Rho GTPases is under the direct control of guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs). The protein encoded by this gene is a guanine nucleotide exchange factor and belongs to the Rho GTPase GFE family. Family members share a common feature, a Dbl (DH) homology domain followed by a pleckstrin (PH) homology domain. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been identified. [provided by RefSeq, Oct 2008]

ARHGEF18: Acts as guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) for RhoA GTPases. May play a role in actin cytoskeleton reorganization in different tissues since its activation induces formation of actin stress fibers. Also act as a GEF for RAC1, inducing production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Does not act as a GEF for CDC42. The G protein beta-gamma (Gbetagamma) subunits of heterotrimeric G proteins act as activators, explaining the integrated effects of LPA and other G-protein coupled receptor agonists on actin stress fiber formation, cell shape change and ROS production. 2 isoforms of the human protein are produced by alternative splicing.

Protein type: GEFs, Rac/Rho; Motility/polarity/chemotaxis; GEFs

Chromosomal Location of Human Ortholog: 19p13.3

Cellular Component: apical part of cell; apical plasma membrane; cell junction; cytoplasm; cytoskeleton; cytosol

Molecular Function: guanyl-nucleotide exchange factor activity; Rho guanyl-nucleotide exchange factor activity

Biological Process: actin cytoskeleton organization and biogenesis; nerve growth factor receptor signaling pathway; positive regulation of apoptosis; positive regulation of GTPase activity; regulation of cell shape; regulation of Rho protein signal transduction; regulation of small GTPase mediated signal transduction; small GTPase mediated signal transduction; transforming growth factor beta receptor signaling pathway