Signal Transducer CD24 (CD24) Human Recombinant Protein

This gene encodes a sialoglycoprotein that is expressed on mature granulocytes and B cells and modulates growth and differentiation signals to these cells. The precursor protein is cleaved to a short 32 amino acid mature peptide which is anchored via a glycosyl phosphatidylinositol (GPI) link to the cell surface. This gene was missing from previous genome assemblies, but is properly located on chromosome 6. Non-transcribed pseudogenes have been designated on chromosomes 1, 15, 20, and Y. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants. [provided by RefSeq, Apr 2014]

CD24: Modulates B-cell activation responses. Signaling could be triggered by the binding of a lectin-like ligand to the CD24 carbohydrates, and transduced by the release of second messengers derived from the GPI-anchor. Promotes AG-dependent proliferation of B-cells, and prevents their terminal differentiation into antibody-forming cells. Genetic variations in CD24 are associated with susceptibility to multiple sclerosis (MS). A multifactorial, inflammatory, demyelinating disease of the central nervous system. Sclerotic lesions are characterized by perivascular infiltration of monocytes and lymphocytes and appear as indurated areas in pathologic specimens (sclerosis in plaques). The pathological mechanism is regarded as an autoimmune attack of the myelin sheat, mediated by both cellular and humoral immunity. Clinical manifestations include visual loss, extra-ocular movement disorders, paresthesias, loss of sensation, weakness, dysarthria, spasticity, ataxia and bladder dysfunction. Genetic and environmental factors influence susceptibility to the disease. Polymorphisms in CD24 may act as a genetic modifier for susceptibility and progression of MS in some populations, perhaps by affecting the efficiency of CD24 expression on the cell surface. Belongs to the CD24 family.

Protein type: Cell development/differentiation; Membrane protein, GPI anchor; Cell surface; Motility/polarity/chemotaxis

Chromosomal Location of Human Ortholog: 6q21

Cellular Component: anchored to external side of plasma membrane; cell surface; cytosol; intracellular; lipid raft; membrane

Molecular Function: protein binding; protein kinase binding; protein tyrosine kinase activator activity; signal transducer activity

Biological Process: axon guidance; B cell receptor transport into lipid raft; cell activation; cell migration; cell-cell adhesion; chemokine receptor transport out of lipid raft; cholesterol homeostasis; elevation of cytosolic calcium ion concentration; immune response-regulating cell surface receptor signaling pathway; negative regulation of transforming growth factor-beta3 production; positive regulation of activated T cell proliferation; positive regulation of MAP kinase activity; regulation of cytokine and chemokine mediated signaling pathway; regulation of epithelial cell differentiation; regulation of MAPKKK cascade; regulation of phosphorylation; respiratory burst; response to estrogen stimulus; response to hypoxia; response to molecule of bacterial origin; T cell costimulation; Wnt receptor signaling pathway

Disease: Multiple Sclerosis, Susceptibility To